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Review Article
Online Published: 17 Apr 2025
 


Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress

Rawan Shaya Almohammed, Abdullah Mohammed Basnawi, Ali Marai Alyami, Abdulaziz Khalid Alanazi, Hassan Abdulhamed Albagshi, ‏nawaf Faisal Alhazmi, Abrar Awadh Alzahrani, Abdulrahman Waleed Alquwaynim, Lojain Khalid Burejailah.


Abstract
In the emergency department (ED), non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is an essential therapeutic intervention, especially when treating acute respiratory failure in cases of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. NIV eliminates the need for costly and invasive mechanical ventilation by lowering respiratory effort and improving gas exchange. However, its success is dependent on several factors, including clinical, blood gas, radiographic, and treatment response predictors. Because clinicians require informed decisions related to the continuation or escalation of NIV, it is necessary to identify these early predictors. This can inform ED clinicians in the early identification and timely intervention for NIV failure through a comprehensive NIV Failure Risk score that integrates these factors. In this review, we examine the predictors for NIV failure, its implications on early decision making, and the potential application of such prediction models in clinical practice, e.g., the heart rate, acidosis, consciousness, oxygenation, and respiratory rate (HACOR) score. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using specific keywords, including "NIV failure," "predictors," and "emergency department." The selection criteria emphasized practical clinical applications and validated prediction tools, integrating evidence to provide clear clinical guidance on NIV failure prediction. The strength of the evidence was evaluated using established clinical practice guidelines. The review process included phases of initial screening, full-text review, and data extraction. It was found that by using these predictive tools, clinicians can optimize patient care through acute respiratory distress by improving NIV management and minimizing intubation delays.

Key words: Non-invasive ventilation, NIV failure, predictors, acute respiratory failure, systemic review


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Almohammed RS, Basnawi AM, Alyami AM, Alanazi AK, Albagshi HA, Alhazmi �F, Alzahrani AA, Alquwaynim AW, Burejailah LK. Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress. IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 986-993. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741559228

Web Style

Almohammed RS, Basnawi AM, Alyami AM, Alanazi AK, Albagshi HA, Alhazmi �F, Alzahrani AA, Alquwaynim AW, Burejailah LK. Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=246683 [Access: May 14, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741559228

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Almohammed RS, Basnawi AM, Alyami AM, Alanazi AK, Albagshi HA, Alhazmi �F, Alzahrani AA, Alquwaynim AW, Burejailah LK. Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress. IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 986-993. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741559228


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Almohammed RS, Basnawi AM, Alyami AM, Alanazi AK, Albagshi HA, Alhazmi �F, Alzahrani AA, Alquwaynim AW, Burejailah LK. Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress. IJMDC. (2025), [cited May 14, 2025]; 9(4): 986-993. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741559228


Harvard Style

Almohammed, R. S., Basnawi, . A. M., Alyami, . A. M., Alanazi, . A. K., Albagshi, . H. A., Alhazmi, . �. F., Alzahrani, . A. A., Alquwaynim, . A. W. & Burejailah, . L. K. (2025) Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress. IJMDC, 9 (4), 986-993. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741559228


Turabian Style

Almohammed, Rawan Shaya, Abdullah Mohammed Basnawi, Ali Marai Alyami, Abdulaziz Khalid Alanazi, Hassan Abdulhamed Albagshi, ‏nawaf Faisal Alhazmi, Abrar Awadh Alzahrani, Abdulrahman Waleed Alquwaynim, and Lojain Khalid Burejailah. 2025. Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (4), 986-993. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741559228


Chicago Style

Almohammed, Rawan Shaya, Abdullah Mohammed Basnawi, Ali Marai Alyami, Abdulaziz Khalid Alanazi, Hassan Abdulhamed Albagshi, ‏nawaf Faisal Alhazmi, Abrar Awadh Alzahrani, Abdulrahman Waleed Alquwaynim, and Lojain Khalid Burejailah. "Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 986-993. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741559228


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Almohammed, Rawan Shaya, Abdullah Mohammed Basnawi, Ali Marai Alyami, Abdulaziz Khalid Alanazi, Hassan Abdulhamed Albagshi, ‏nawaf Faisal Alhazmi, Abrar Awadh Alzahrani, Abdulrahman Waleed Alquwaynim, and Lojain Khalid Burejailah. "Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9.4 (2025), 986-993. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741559228


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Almohammed, R. S., Basnawi, . A. M., Alyami, . A. M., Alanazi, . A. K., Albagshi, . H. A., Alhazmi, . �. F., Alzahrani, . A. A., Alquwaynim, . A. W. & Burejailah, . L. K. (2025) Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (4), 986-993. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741559228




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