Review Article
IJMDC. 2019; 3(6): 561-564
Antibiotic Resistance Crisis
Authors: Nuha Saad Mobarki, Buthaina Abdullah Almerabi, Ahmad Hattan Hattan.
ABSTRACT
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a universal public health problem affecting the benefit of antibiotics. Antibiotic use, inappropriate dosage, and genetics led to the spread of multidrug resistance among pathogenic bacteria, and it became hard to treat infections. Here, we reviewed recent updates of antimicrobial resistance in the period from 2004 to 2019. Scientific websites were used to search for articles related to our subject such as PubMed and Google scholar using several keywords including AMR, Antibiotic abuse; Antibiotic resistance; crisis; bacterial infection. We obtained 55 articles, 45 of them included and they were published between the years 2004 and 2019, whereas those who excluded were not focusing on our aim. Antibiotic resistance crisis is widespread and still increasing, due to continuous abuse of antibiotics and deficiency of new antibiotic industry. The multifaceted plane is required to control antibiotic resistance crisis. Educational programs and awareness campaigns are required. Research, explanations, and solutions should be implanted. Screening and diagnostic tools of antibiotic resistance should be improved and globally applied. Overall, AMR is not uncontrollable anymore. Antibiotics alternatives as probiotics and lytic bacteriophages can participate in decreasing AMR worldwide.
Keywords:
AMR, antibiotic abuse, antibiotic resistance, crisis, bacterial infection.
Authors
Nuha Saad Mobarki
King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles
Buthaina Abdullah Almerabi
King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles
Ahmad Hattan Hattan
King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles
Correspondence to:
. King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Nuhano2@gmail.com
Publication history
Received 01 Feb 2019
Accepted 07 Feb 2019
Published online 07 Feb 2019
Published in print 04 Apr 2019
How to cite this article?
Export to EndNote Export to refManPubmed Style
Mobarki NS, Almerabi BA, Hattan AH. Antibiotic Resistance Crisis. IJMDC. 2019; 3(6): 561-564. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
Web Style
Mobarki NS, Almerabi BA, Hattan AH. Antibiotic Resistance Crisis. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=29239 [Access: March 22, 2023]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
AMA (American Medical Association) Style
Mobarki NS, Almerabi BA, Hattan AH. Antibiotic Resistance Crisis. IJMDC. 2019; 3(6): 561-564. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
Vancouver/ICMJE Style
Mobarki NS, Almerabi BA, Hattan AH. Antibiotic Resistance Crisis. IJMDC. (2019), [cited March 22, 2023]; 3(6): 561-564. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
Harvard Style
Mobarki, N. S., Almerabi, . B. A. & Hattan, . A. H. (2019) Antibiotic Resistance Crisis. IJMDC, 3 (6), 561-564. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
Turabian Style
Mobarki, Nuha Saad, Buthaina Abdullah Almerabi, and Ahmad Hattan Hattan. 2019. Antibiotic Resistance Crisis. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 3 (6), 561-564. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
Chicago Style
Mobarki, Nuha Saad, Buthaina Abdullah Almerabi, and Ahmad Hattan Hattan. "Antibiotic Resistance Crisis." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 3 (2019), 561-564. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style
Mobarki, Nuha Saad, Buthaina Abdullah Almerabi, and Ahmad Hattan Hattan. "Antibiotic Resistance Crisis." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 3.6 (2019), 561-564. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
APA (American Psychological Association) Style
Mobarki, N. S., Almerabi, . B. A. & Hattan, . A. H. (2019) Antibiotic Resistance Crisis. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 3 (6), 561-564. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
Article Statistics
Request permissions
If you wish to reuse any part or all of this article please contact the copyright holder, contact@ijmdc.com.
Copyright ©2023 Discover STM Publishing. All Rights Reserved.