E-ISSN 1658-7820
 

Original Article

Online Publishing Date:
01 / 03 / 2022

 


Development and characterization of the emulsion formulation of herbal extract of Nigella sativa for topical application and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity

Anfal Alodhaibi, Amani Alanazi, Abrar Alharbi, Sana Hashmi.


Abstract
Background: Nigella sativa (NS) (Black cumin or Kalonji) belongs to the family Ranunculaceae. The seeds of this plant are known to have many beneficial chemical constituents. Moreover, they have many advantageous pharmacological effects, such as being used to treat antibiotics, antiviral, antifungal, wound healing, antiinflammatory effect (Psoriasis), acne vulgaris, and skin pigmentation (Vitiligo). The study aims to investigate the antimicrobial (antibacterial) activity of the formulated Emulsion against some common skin-causing infectious microorganisms. (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans, A. niger.).
Methods: The research methodology was divided into three sections: development/formulation of Emulsion, characterization of Emulsion, and evaluation of the topical application for antimicrobial activity. Dry gum or continental method was followed to prepare emulsions A and B by using black cumin oil. In emulsion A, distilled water was used as an external phase, while in emulsion B, purified water: glycerin in a 50:50 ratio was used. Different tests were performed to identify the type of Emulsion, including (organoleptic property evaluation, dilution test, dye solubility test, cobalt (II) chloride filter paper test, centrifugation test, and thermal stability test). Agar well diffusion method was used to tests antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive microorganism (S. aureus, C. albicans) and Gram-negative microorganism (E. coli, A. niger).
Results: The study showed better results for Emulsion B than Emulsion A. Emulsion A and B showed pronounced dose-dependent antibacterial activity, more against Gram-positive than Gram-negative microorganisms.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the seeds of NS demonstrated a potent growth inhibition and bactericidal activity in oil in water Emulsion against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and C. albicans ATCC 10231. In contrast, no significant growth inhibition was seen in E. coli ATCC 25922 and A. niger ATCC 6275.

Key words: emulsion, herbal extract, Nigella sativa, topical application, antimicrobial activity


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Alodhaibi A, Alanazi A, Alharbi A, Hashmi S. Development and characterization of the emulsion formulation of herbal extract of Nigella sativa for topical application and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity. IJMDC. 2022; 6(4): 586-593. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1635203649


Web Style

Alodhaibi A, Alanazi A, Alharbi A, Hashmi S. Development and characterization of the emulsion formulation of herbal extract of Nigella sativa for topical application and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=135676 [Access: March 27, 2024]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1635203649


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alodhaibi A, Alanazi A, Alharbi A, Hashmi S. Development and characterization of the emulsion formulation of herbal extract of Nigella sativa for topical application and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity. IJMDC. 2022; 6(4): 586-593. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1635203649



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alodhaibi A, Alanazi A, Alharbi A, Hashmi S. Development and characterization of the emulsion formulation of herbal extract of Nigella sativa for topical application and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity. IJMDC. (2022), [cited March 27, 2024]; 6(4): 586-593. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1635203649



Harvard Style

Alodhaibi, A., Alanazi, . A., Alharbi, . A. & Hashmi, . S. (2022) Development and characterization of the emulsion formulation of herbal extract of Nigella sativa for topical application and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity. IJMDC, 6 (4), 586-593. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1635203649



Turabian Style

Alodhaibi, Anfal, Amani Alanazi, Abrar Alharbi, and Sana Hashmi. 2022. Development and characterization of the emulsion formulation of herbal extract of Nigella sativa for topical application and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 6 (4), 586-593. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1635203649



Chicago Style

Alodhaibi, Anfal, Amani Alanazi, Abrar Alharbi, and Sana Hashmi. "Development and characterization of the emulsion formulation of herbal extract of Nigella sativa for topical application and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 6 (2022), 586-593. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1635203649



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alodhaibi, Anfal, Amani Alanazi, Abrar Alharbi, and Sana Hashmi. "Development and characterization of the emulsion formulation of herbal extract of Nigella sativa for topical application and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 6.4 (2022), 586-593. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1635203649



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alodhaibi, A., Alanazi, . A., Alharbi, . A. & Hashmi, . S. (2022) Development and characterization of the emulsion formulation of herbal extract of Nigella sativa for topical application and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 6 (4), 586-593. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1635203649





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