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Original Article
Online Published: 14 Nov 2025
 


Risk factors for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst after Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (1986–2013): a retrospective cohort study

Hussah Mohammed Al-buainain, Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Elshafei, Waleed Abobaker Elsayed, Mutaz Ismail Fallatah, Mohammed Ali Alshuwaykhat, Nasser Khaled Alghadhban, Ahmed Ali Alsafwani, Hussain Ali Albaqal.


Abstract
Objective:
This study aimed to compare the thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) recurrence between pediatric and adult patients and identified risk factors following the Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (KFUH).
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 45 patients who underwent the Sistrunk procedure at KFUH and completed a 12-month follow-up between 1986 and 2013. Their demographic data, pre-operative presentation, diagnosis, cyst characteristics, type of surgery, surgeon specialty, pre-, intra-, and post-operative intervention, and early complications (infection, hematoma, and recurrence), time to recurrence, mode of recurrence, pathology, and malignancy were all collected and analyzed.
Results:
The mean±SD age of all patients was 16.78 ± 12.160 years; 64.4% were male, and 73.3% were Saudi. A neck mass was the most common presentation (68.9%), and thyroid cyst was the most frequent diagnosis (73.3%). Most cysts were midline (93.3%) and mobile (86.5%). Recurrence and post-operative infection occurred equally in eight cases (4 cases each). Recurrence was 3.3% in pediatric patients and 20% in adults. Intra-operative drain insertion (p-value=0.040) and post-operative infection (p-value=0.001) were significantly associated with recurrence.
Conclusion:
Recurrence of TGDC impacted adults more than children. Although the Sistrunk procedure remains effective for TGDC, the likelihood of recurrence showed a statistically significant association with the use of intraoperative drains and the occurrence of postoperative infections.

Key words: Thyroglossal duct cyst, Sistrunk, recurrence, risk factors, infection


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Al-buainain HM, Elshafei HEI, Elsayed WA, Fallatah MI, Alshuwaykhat MA, Alghadhban NK, Alsafwani AA, Albaqal HA. Risk factors for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst after Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (1986–2013): a retrospective cohort study. IJMDC. 2025; 9(10): 2471-2479. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1760282687

Web Style

Al-buainain HM, Elshafei HEI, Elsayed WA, Fallatah MI, Alshuwaykhat MA, Alghadhban NK, Alsafwani AA, Albaqal HA. Risk factors for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst after Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (1986–2013): a retrospective cohort study. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=289847 [Access: December 10, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1760282687

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Al-buainain HM, Elshafei HEI, Elsayed WA, Fallatah MI, Alshuwaykhat MA, Alghadhban NK, Alsafwani AA, Albaqal HA. Risk factors for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst after Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (1986–2013): a retrospective cohort study. IJMDC. 2025; 9(10): 2471-2479. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1760282687


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Al-buainain HM, Elshafei HEI, Elsayed WA, Fallatah MI, Alshuwaykhat MA, Alghadhban NK, Alsafwani AA, Albaqal HA. Risk factors for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst after Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (1986–2013): a retrospective cohort study. IJMDC. (2025), [cited December 10, 2025]; 9(10): 2471-2479. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1760282687


Harvard Style

Al-buainain, H. M., Elshafei, . H. E. I., Elsayed, . W. A., Fallatah, . M. I., Alshuwaykhat, . M. A., Alghadhban, . N. K., Alsafwani, . A. A. & Albaqal, . H. A. (2025) Risk factors for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst after Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (1986–2013): a retrospective cohort study. IJMDC, 9 (10), 2471-2479. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1760282687


Turabian Style

Al-buainain, Hussah Mohammed, Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Elshafei, Waleed Abobaker Elsayed, Mutaz Ismail Fallatah, Mohammed Ali Alshuwaykhat, Nasser Khaled Alghadhban, Ahmed Ali Alsafwani, and Hussain Ali Albaqal. 2025. Risk factors for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst after Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (1986–2013): a retrospective cohort study. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (10), 2471-2479. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1760282687


Chicago Style

Al-buainain, Hussah Mohammed, Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Elshafei, Waleed Abobaker Elsayed, Mutaz Ismail Fallatah, Mohammed Ali Alshuwaykhat, Nasser Khaled Alghadhban, Ahmed Ali Alsafwani, and Hussain Ali Albaqal. "Risk factors for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst after Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (1986–2013): a retrospective cohort study." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 2471-2479. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1760282687


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Al-buainain, Hussah Mohammed, Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Elshafei, Waleed Abobaker Elsayed, Mutaz Ismail Fallatah, Mohammed Ali Alshuwaykhat, Nasser Khaled Alghadhban, Ahmed Ali Alsafwani, and Hussain Ali Albaqal. "Risk factors for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst after Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (1986–2013): a retrospective cohort study." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9.10 (2025), 2471-2479. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1760282687


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Al-buainain, H. M., Elshafei, . H. E. I., Elsayed, . W. A., Fallatah, . M. I., Alshuwaykhat, . M. A., Alghadhban, . N. K., Alsafwani, . A. A. & Albaqal, . H. A. (2025) Risk factors for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst after Sistrunk procedure at King Fahad University Hospital (1986–2013): a retrospective cohort study. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (10), 2471-2479. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1760282687




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