Abstract
Background: Type 1 diabetes (DM-type 1), marked by early onset and an autoimmune origin resulting in minimal insulin production, necessitates insulin therapy. This study aims to assess the awareness of diabetic patients, minimize fasting-related complications by identifying the attitudes of Saudi individuals with diabetes, explore diabetes care and dietary patterns, and identify the most common symptoms during Ramadan and Eid-Al-Fitr.
Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional design involving individuals aged 18 and above with diabetes across Saudi Arabia. Over 3 months, 318 responses were collected through an online validated questionnaire, measuring the attitudes of Saudi individuals with diabetes during Eid-al-Fitr festivities and Ramadan fasting. The questionnaire included categories such as behavior, attitude, food consumption, health complications, medications, and test results. Logit regression analysis and other statistical procedures were performed using R language version 4.3.3, with statistical significance set at the 95% confidence level.
Results: During religious fasting, statistically significant positive associations were observed with the type of diabetes mellitus (DM) for age (adjusted odds ratio [adjOR] = 1.30, 99% CI: 1.072-1.568), use of DM tablets (adjOR = 3.27, 99% CI: 1.774-6.103), use of hypolipidemic medication (adjOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.174-3.902), and glucose level (adjOR = 2.06, 99% CI: 1.414-3.039). Additionally, statistically negative associations were noted in blood sugar control (adjOR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.357-0.871) and the use of insulin (adjOR = 0.41, 99% CI: 0.230-0.730).
Conclusion: The study findings indicate significant associations with fasting during religious festivities, encompassing hypoglycemia observation, DM tablet use, insulin, hypolipidemic medications, vitamin B complex, eye complications, and elevated glucose levels.

Key words: Eid-Al-Fitr, Eye complications, DM-Type 1, DM-Type 2, glucose levels, hypoglycemia, hypolipidemic, insulin, vitamin b complex, ramadan