E-ISSN 1658-7820
 

Review Article

Online Publishing Date:
06 / 01 / 2020

 


Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review

Malak Salman Alharbi, Yasir Abdullah Alharbi, Abdulrahman Waleed Bagar, Alaa Abbas Kurdi, Ethar Ahmad Boudal, Fahad Hatem Aman, Malak Salman Alharbi, Khalid Ghalilah.


Abstract
Critically ill patients admitted to the Intensive care unit (ICU) have demonstrated an increased incidence of antimicrobial resistance compared to other hospitalized patients. Therefore, efforts should be exerted to reveal the contributing epidemiological factors for antimicrobial resistance to reduce mortality as well as health care costs. This study aims to explore the literature to evaluate the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in general ICU in Saudi Arabia. The literature was reviewed through the PubMed database in the duration between 2009 and 2019. Search terms included a combination of antimicrobial resistance, general ICU and Saudi. The findings were then filtered to include original research articles investigating antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia. A total of 89 articles were retrieved. Following the exclusion of articles on animals and including trials only on humans, 23 articles appeared. A total of six articles were considered as eligible, published between 2009 and 2019, covering a total of 10,071 bacterial isolates from general ICUs in Saudi Arabia. The trials included respiratory tract, urinary tract, and bloodstream infections. The study concludes that the incidence of antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia is high and alarming. Future studies should focus on exploring solutions for this critical problem in Saudi Arabia.

Key words: Antimicrobial resistance, intensive care, ICU, nosocomial infections


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Malak Salman Alharbi
Articles by Yasir Abdullah Alharbi
Articles by Abdulrahman Waleed Bagar
Articles by Alaa Abbas Kurdi
Articles by Ethar Ahmad Boudal
Articles by Fahad Hatem Aman
Articles by Malak Salman Alharbi
Articles by Khalid Ghalilah
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Alharbi MS, Alharbi YA, Bagar AW, Kurdi AA, Boudal EA, Aman FH, Alharbi MS, Ghalilah K. Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review. IJMDC. 2020; 4(2): 513-517. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576135858


Web Style

Alharbi MS, Alharbi YA, Bagar AW, Kurdi AA, Boudal EA, Aman FH, Alharbi MS, Ghalilah K. Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=77698 [Access: March 10, 2024]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576135858


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alharbi MS, Alharbi YA, Bagar AW, Kurdi AA, Boudal EA, Aman FH, Alharbi MS, Ghalilah K. Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review. IJMDC. 2020; 4(2): 513-517. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576135858



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alharbi MS, Alharbi YA, Bagar AW, Kurdi AA, Boudal EA, Aman FH, Alharbi MS, Ghalilah K. Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review. IJMDC. (2020), [cited March 10, 2024]; 4(2): 513-517. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576135858



Harvard Style

Alharbi, M. S., Alharbi, . Y. A., Bagar, . A. W., Kurdi, . A. A., Boudal, . E. A., Aman, . F. H., Alharbi, . M. S. & Ghalilah, . K. (2020) Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review. IJMDC, 4 (2), 513-517. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576135858



Turabian Style

Alharbi, Malak Salman, Yasir Abdullah Alharbi, Abdulrahman Waleed Bagar, Alaa Abbas Kurdi, Ethar Ahmad Boudal, Fahad Hatem Aman, Malak Salman Alharbi, and Khalid Ghalilah. 2020. Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 4 (2), 513-517. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576135858



Chicago Style

Alharbi, Malak Salman, Yasir Abdullah Alharbi, Abdulrahman Waleed Bagar, Alaa Abbas Kurdi, Ethar Ahmad Boudal, Fahad Hatem Aman, Malak Salman Alharbi, and Khalid Ghalilah. "Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 4 (2020), 513-517. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576135858



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alharbi, Malak Salman, Yasir Abdullah Alharbi, Abdulrahman Waleed Bagar, Alaa Abbas Kurdi, Ethar Ahmad Boudal, Fahad Hatem Aman, Malak Salman Alharbi, and Khalid Ghalilah. "Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 4.2 (2020), 513-517. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576135858



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alharbi, M. S., Alharbi, . Y. A., Bagar, . A. W., Kurdi, . A. A., Boudal, . E. A., Aman, . F. H., Alharbi, . M. S. & Ghalilah, . K. (2020) Antimicrobial resistance in general ICUs in Saudi Arabia; a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 4 (2), 513-517. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576135858





Most Viewed Articles
Most Accessed Articles

  • Marginal adaptation of fixed prosthodontics
    Shahad Mohammed Halawani, Sahar Amer Al-Harbi
    IJMDC. 2017; 1(2): 78-84
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.1.2.7

  • Parasites in central nervous system
    Amal Ahmed Mohamed, Asmaa Mohamed Mansour
    IJMDC. 2017; 1(2): 72-77
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.1.2.6

  • Non-diabetic retinopathy: a case report
    Hassan F. Alkwikbi, Nabil Mamon Abdelfattah, Haithem Mamon Abdelfattah
    IJMDC. 2017; 1(1): 33-37
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.1.1.6

  • Vitamin D deficiency among high school female students in Riyadh
    Sahar Mohsen Aldhafeeri, Fatemah Ibraheem Alrawaji, Abrar Mubarak Algharbi, Alanoud Abdullah Alhessan, Ayat Sami Qabaja, Ghaleah Abdulaziz Alnassar, Ghaliah Ofayn Alsulami, Mashael Belal Alrubaian, Norah Abdulaziz Alhatim, Salehah Salih Alotaibi, Zahra Ali Alkhamees
    IJMDC. 2017; 1(1): 18-23
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.1.1.4

  • Prognosis of chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) after multiple events of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
    Baraa Faiez Rajab, Anwar Essa Alamrim, Ali Essa Alamri
    IJMDC. 2019; 3(5): 474-479
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546551993

  • Most Downloaded
    Top Downloaded Articles

  • Anti-IL-17 markedly inhibited the in vitro granuloma induced by Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen.
    Asmaa Ezz, Irene S. Gmail, Fatma Elzahraa H. Salem, Rabab Salama, Soad Nady
    IJMDC. 2018; 2(January 2018): 38-46
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.2.1.7

  • Vitamin D deficiency among high school female students in Riyadh
    Sahar Mohsen Aldhafeeri, Fatemah Ibraheem Alrawaji, Abrar Mubarak Algharbi, Alanoud Abdullah Alhessan, Ayat Sami Qabaja, Ghaleah Abdulaziz Alnassar, Ghaliah Ofayn Alsulami, Mashael Belal Alrubaian, Norah Abdulaziz Alhatim, Salehah Salih Alotaibi, Zahra Ali Alkhamees
    IJMDC. 2017; 1(1): 18-23
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.1.1.4

  • Antibiotic Resistance Crisis
    Nuha Saad Mobarki, Buthaina Abdullah Almerabi, Ahmad Hattan Hattan
    IJMDC. 2019; 3(6): 561-564
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699

  • The knowledge of mothers about children malnutrition and associated factors
    Anas Abdulrahman Aljohani, Mujahid Abdulrahman Aljohani
    IJMDC. 2020; 4(1): 7-11
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1541620358

  • Knowledge and attitude of caregivers of cerebral palsy children in Riyadh city
    Abdulaziz Alruwaished, Baleegh Ali, Lubna Abdullah Alhowaimil , Abaraa adullah Alhowaimil, Najd Abdullah Alhowaimil, Aminah Alessa
    IJMDC. 2020; 4(1): 12-17
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1547833051

  • Most Cited Articles
    Most Cited Articles

  • Antibiotic Resistance Crisis
    Nuha Saad Mobarki, Buthaina Abdullah Almerabi, Ahmad Hattan Hattan
    IJMDC. 2019; 3(6): 561-564
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
    Cited : 34 times [Click to see citing articles]

  • Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among diabetes mellitus patients in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia
    AMohammed Elamin Mukrim, Nujud Muteb D. Alshammari, Wurud Muteb D. Alshammari, Maali Subhi T. Alshammari, Yousef Nasif R. Alshammari, Abdulaziz Sael M. Alshammari, Maisa Hamad F. Alanazi, Abdulelah Abdulrhman F. Alzammam, Muharib Mana M. Alshammari, Slwa Khaled Abu Asyah, Aseel Jamal Alzuhayri, Mushref Saeid Alshammari
    IJMDC. 2019; 3(3): 229-233
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542576396
    Cited : 8 times [Click to see citing articles]

  • Knowledge, attitude, and practice of breast self-examination toward breast cancer among female students at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
    Abdullah Nasser Alomair, Dania Ghazi Felemban, Mohannad Sami Felemban, Jameel Abdullah Awadain, Ammar Saud Altowairqi, Nawaf Fawzan Alfawzan, Fatimah Mohammed Almazayen, Abdulrahman Jalwi Korkoman, Nawaf Saad Alrusayyis
    IJMDC. 2020; 4(2): 429-434
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576668182
    Cited : 8 times [Click to see citing articles]

  • Population awareness about rheumatoid arthritis in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia
    Ahmad Ali Hazzazi, Mohssen Hassen Ageeli, Ahmed Ali Muyidi, Abdulaziz Mohammad Abulgasim, Abdullah Ahmad Yateemi, Nabil Alhakami
    IJMDC. 2020; 4(3): 668-675
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576010943
    Cited : 4 times [Click to see citing articles]

  • Prevalence and factors associated with depression among health care workers in National Guard Hospital in Riyadh, KSA
    Noor Mohammad AlFahhad
    IJMDC. 2018; 2(September 2018): 92-96
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1526306040
    Cited : 4 times [Click to see citing articles]