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2026, Vol: 10, Issue: 4
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Original Article
Online Published: 08 Aug 2021
 


The prevalence of and factors related to relapse in smoking cessation among Saudi males in Dammam

Duaa Hassan Al-ajwad, Zahra Ahmed Alshawi, Afif Ben Salah, Raghad Sahal Allam, Arwa Nabil Qurashi, Layan Hisham Alabdulhadi, Malak Zuhair Altaha.


Abstract
Background: Tobacco smoking has been delineated by the World Health Organization as an epidemic, with worldwide mortality of eight million deaths annually. The prevalence of smoking tobacco in Saudi Arabia reached 27.9% among males and 2.9% among females in 2015. The study aimed to determine why smokers relapse after quitting tobacco use.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study which was done in Naqaa Anti-Smoking Charitable Organization through Closed-ended questionnaires which were distributed at the organization to be self-filled by the participants.
Results: The study revealed that 80% of participants had tried to quit smoking in the past. Approximately three-quarters of respondents (72.5%) identified the health burden as the primary reason for them to pursue smoking cessation. The most widely used treatment to quit or reduce smoking among the sample participants was bioresonance therapy (13.9%), while the second used method was nicotine gum (11.7%). Approximately 76% of the 308 smokers have relapsed at least once after quitting smoking.
Conclusion: The smoking relapse rate among Saudi males in Dammam is high (76%). The study also revealed that the two main factors causing relapse in smokers are distress and social smoking, respectively. These findings indicate the need for the Kingdom’s smoking cessation clinics to implement smoking cessation strategies and treatments that consider distress as the main target for intervention.

Key words: Prevalence, Factors, Relapse, Smoking Cessation.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Al-ajwad DH, Alshawi ZA, Salah AB, Allam RS, Qurashi AN, Alabdulhadi LH, Altaha MZ. The prevalence of and factors related to relapse in smoking cessation among Saudi males in Dammam. IJMDC. 2021; 5(8): 1454-1460. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1611137470

Web Style

Al-ajwad DH, Alshawi ZA, Salah AB, Allam RS, Qurashi AN, Alabdulhadi LH, Altaha MZ. The prevalence of and factors related to relapse in smoking cessation among Saudi males in Dammam. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=47167 [Access: October 13, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1611137470

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Al-ajwad DH, Alshawi ZA, Salah AB, Allam RS, Qurashi AN, Alabdulhadi LH, Altaha MZ. The prevalence of and factors related to relapse in smoking cessation among Saudi males in Dammam. IJMDC. 2021; 5(8): 1454-1460. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1611137470


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Al-ajwad DH, Alshawi ZA, Salah AB, Allam RS, Qurashi AN, Alabdulhadi LH, Altaha MZ. The prevalence of and factors related to relapse in smoking cessation among Saudi males in Dammam. IJMDC. (2021), [cited October 13, 2025]; 5(8): 1454-1460. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1611137470


Harvard Style

Al-ajwad, D. H., Alshawi, . Z. A., Salah, . A. B., Allam, . R. S., Qurashi, . A. N., Alabdulhadi, . L. H. & Altaha, . M. Z. (2021) The prevalence of and factors related to relapse in smoking cessation among Saudi males in Dammam. IJMDC, 5 (8), 1454-1460. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1611137470


Turabian Style

Al-ajwad, Duaa Hassan, Zahra Ahmed Alshawi, Afif Ben Salah, Raghad Sahal Allam, Arwa Nabil Qurashi, Layan Hisham Alabdulhadi, and Malak Zuhair Altaha. 2021. The prevalence of and factors related to relapse in smoking cessation among Saudi males in Dammam. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 5 (8), 1454-1460. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1611137470


Chicago Style

Al-ajwad, Duaa Hassan, Zahra Ahmed Alshawi, Afif Ben Salah, Raghad Sahal Allam, Arwa Nabil Qurashi, Layan Hisham Alabdulhadi, and Malak Zuhair Altaha. "The prevalence of and factors related to relapse in smoking cessation among Saudi males in Dammam." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 5 (2021), 1454-1460. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1611137470


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Al-ajwad, Duaa Hassan, Zahra Ahmed Alshawi, Afif Ben Salah, Raghad Sahal Allam, Arwa Nabil Qurashi, Layan Hisham Alabdulhadi, and Malak Zuhair Altaha. "The prevalence of and factors related to relapse in smoking cessation among Saudi males in Dammam." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 5.8 (2021), 1454-1460. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1611137470


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Al-ajwad, D. H., Alshawi, . Z. A., Salah, . A. B., Allam, . R. S., Qurashi, . A. N., Alabdulhadi, . L. H. & Altaha, . M. Z. (2021) The prevalence of and factors related to relapse in smoking cessation among Saudi males in Dammam. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 5 (8), 1454-1460. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1611137470




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