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Original Article
Online Published: 07 Sep 2026
 


Awareness, attitude, and practice related to deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin and the risk of hair loss in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia

Khalid Sultan Alrougi, Tala Aiman Zamil, Badr Monawar Alotaibi, Moroj Mohammed Alzahrani, Riham Abdullah Almuqati, Manar Eid Al Mutairi, Khalid Bandr Bahadad, Nada Ahmed Mohammed, Saud Abdulhadi Alshamrani, Omar Abdulrahman Alghamdi, Mohammad Alkot.


Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the awareness, attitude, and practices regarding the vitamin D, ferritin, and zinc deficiencies and their association with hair loss among residents of the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 584 participants using a structured self-administered questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics, awareness, attitude, and practices related to vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin deficiencies. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data and identify predictors of knowledge, attitude, and practices.
Results: Most participants were females (73.5%) and aged 18–25 years (58.4%). Almost all participants had heard of vitamin D, zinc, or ferritin stores (97.4%) and recognized their health benefits (95.0%) and causes of deficiency (95.5%). Additionally, 84.1% recognized the relationship between nutritional deficiencies and hair loss. Doctors were the main source of information (63.4%). Although 56.5% usually consumed nutrient-rich foods, 77.7% reported less than 20 minutes of daily sunlight exposure. Awareness significantly predicted knowledge scores (B = 1.146, p < 0.001), while gender significantly predicted attitude (B = 0.966, p < 0.001) and practices (B = −0.159, p = 0.048).
Conclusion: Participants demonstrated high awareness, but inadequate sunlight exposure and some misconceptions persisted. Healthcare professionals should promote nutritional education and healthier preventive practices.

Key words: Hair loss, vitamin D deficiency, zinc deficiency, ferritin deficiency, Saudi Arabia


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Alrougi KS, Zamil TA, Alotaibi BM, Alzahrani MM, Almuqati RA, Mutairi MEA, Bahadad KB, Mohammed NA, Alshamrani SA, Alghamdi OA, Alkot M. Awareness, attitude, and practice related to deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin and the risk of hair loss in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2026; 10(9): 2753-2760. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1785513997

Web Style

Alrougi KS, Zamil TA, Alotaibi BM, Alzahrani MM, Almuqati RA, Mutairi MEA, Bahadad KB, Mohammed NA, Alshamrani SA, Alghamdi OA, Alkot M. Awareness, attitude, and practice related to deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin and the risk of hair loss in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=329663 [Access: September 19, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1785513997

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alrougi KS, Zamil TA, Alotaibi BM, Alzahrani MM, Almuqati RA, Mutairi MEA, Bahadad KB, Mohammed NA, Alshamrani SA, Alghamdi OA, Alkot M. Awareness, attitude, and practice related to deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin and the risk of hair loss in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2026; 10(9): 2753-2760. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1785513997


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alrougi KS, Zamil TA, Alotaibi BM, Alzahrani MM, Almuqati RA, Mutairi MEA, Bahadad KB, Mohammed NA, Alshamrani SA, Alghamdi OA, Alkot M. Awareness, attitude, and practice related to deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin and the risk of hair loss in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. (2026), [cited September 19, 2026]; 10(9): 2753-2760. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1785513997


Harvard Style

Alrougi, K. S., Zamil, . T. A., Alotaibi, . B. M., Alzahrani, . M. M., Almuqati, . R. A., Mutairi, . M. E. A., Bahadad, . K. B., Mohammed, . N. A., Alshamrani, . S. A., Alghamdi, . O. A. & Alkot, . M. (2026) Awareness, attitude, and practice related to deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin and the risk of hair loss in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC, 10 (9), 2753-2760. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1785513997


Turabian Style

Alrougi, Khalid Sultan, Tala Aiman Zamil, Badr Monawar Alotaibi, Moroj Mohammed Alzahrani, Riham Abdullah Almuqati, Manar Eid Al Mutairi, Khalid Bandr Bahadad, Nada Ahmed Mohammed, Saud Abdulhadi Alshamrani, Omar Abdulrahman Alghamdi, and Mohammad Alkot. 2026. Awareness, attitude, and practice related to deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin and the risk of hair loss in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (9), 2753-2760. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1785513997


Chicago Style

Alrougi, Khalid Sultan, Tala Aiman Zamil, Badr Monawar Alotaibi, Moroj Mohammed Alzahrani, Riham Abdullah Almuqati, Manar Eid Al Mutairi, Khalid Bandr Bahadad, Nada Ahmed Mohammed, Saud Abdulhadi Alshamrani, Omar Abdulrahman Alghamdi, and Mohammad Alkot. "Awareness, attitude, and practice related to deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin and the risk of hair loss in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10 (2026), 2753-2760. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1785513997


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alrougi, Khalid Sultan, Tala Aiman Zamil, Badr Monawar Alotaibi, Moroj Mohammed Alzahrani, Riham Abdullah Almuqati, Manar Eid Al Mutairi, Khalid Bandr Bahadad, Nada Ahmed Mohammed, Saud Abdulhadi Alshamrani, Omar Abdulrahman Alghamdi, and Mohammad Alkot. "Awareness, attitude, and practice related to deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin and the risk of hair loss in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10.9 (2026), 2753-2760. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1785513997


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alrougi, K. S., Zamil, . T. A., Alotaibi, . B. M., Alzahrani, . M. M., Almuqati, . R. A., Mutairi, . M. E. A., Bahadad, . K. B., Mohammed, . N. A., Alshamrani, . S. A., Alghamdi, . O. A. & Alkot, . M. (2026) Awareness, attitude, and practice related to deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and ferritin and the risk of hair loss in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (9), 2753-2760. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1785513997




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