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Review Article
Online Published: 21 Oct 2025
 


The impact of glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes on the outcomes of cancer treatment: a systematic review

Eman Mohammed Albesher, Khalil Ibrahim Bograin, Kawther Hani Alawad, Lugain Ibrahim Almulla, Raghad Sami Aldhafar, Fatimah Abdullah Almajed, Zahra Ali Alhajji, Dana Mohammed H Motabagani, Ummalbanin Abdullah Aljasim, Fatimah Ahmed Alhabdan.


Abstract
This review aimed to observe how glycemic management affects type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients' results after cancer therapy. After searching four databases, 612 publications were found. Following relevance screening and duplication reduction using Rayyan QCRI, 209 full-text were examined and 7 were ultimately included. Less than half of the 4,527 patients in the seven trials were included, of which 2,109 (46.5%) were females. The mean reported HbA1c in the studies ranged from 7.2 to 8.6. Modest associations between fructosamine, HbA1c, and self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) levels were observed, particularly in chemotherapy patients. Poor glycemic control was linked to poorer outcomes in patients on glucose-lowering medications undergoing immunotherapy and increased mortality in colorectal and breast cancer patients. Patients with lung cancer undergoing platinum-based chemotherapy had a higher survival rate when their blood sugar levels were properly controlled. In cancer patients receiving bevacizumab, proteinuria was linked to worsening glycemic control. Additionally, poor glycemic control increased risks of adverse events, infections, hospitalizations, and treatment discontinuation in chemotherapy patients. This systematic review emphasized how important glycemic management is for the results of cancer therapy in T2D patients. Poor glycemic control increases adverse events, reduces treatment efficacy, and raises mortality, while adequate management mitigates these risks. The findings underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach to integrate glycemic management into cancer care protocols. Despite compelling evidence, further well-designed prospective studies are necessary to clarify this relationship and refine clinical guidelines. Prioritizing glycemic management holds promise for improving cancer prognosis and overall outcomes.

Key words: Glycemic control, diabetes Type 2, cancer patients, treatment outcomes, systematic review


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Albesher EM, Bograin KI, Alawad KH, Almulla LI, Aldhafar RS, Almajed FA, Alhajji ZA, Motabagani DMH, Aljasim UA, Alhabdan FA. The impact of glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes on the outcomes of cancer treatment: a systematic review. IJMDC. Online First: 21 Oct, 2025. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1756233490

Web Style

Albesher EM, Bograin KI, Alawad KH, Almulla LI, Aldhafar RS, Almajed FA, Alhajji ZA, Motabagani DMH, Aljasim UA, Alhabdan FA. The impact of glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes on the outcomes of cancer treatment: a systematic review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=279891 [Access: October 22, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1756233490

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Albesher EM, Bograin KI, Alawad KH, Almulla LI, Aldhafar RS, Almajed FA, Alhajji ZA, Motabagani DMH, Aljasim UA, Alhabdan FA. The impact of glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes on the outcomes of cancer treatment: a systematic review. IJMDC. Online First: 21 Oct, 2025. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1756233490


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Albesher EM, Bograin KI, Alawad KH, Almulla LI, Aldhafar RS, Almajed FA, Alhajji ZA, Motabagani DMH, Aljasim UA, Alhabdan FA. The impact of glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes on the outcomes of cancer treatment: a systematic review. IJMDC, [cited October 22, 2025]; Online First: 21 Oct, 2025. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1756233490


Harvard Style

Albesher, E. M., Bograin, . K. I., Alawad, . K. H., Almulla, . L. I., Aldhafar, . R. S., Almajed, . F. A., Alhajji, . Z. A., Motabagani, . D. M. H., Aljasim, . U. A. & Alhabdan, . F. A. (2025) The impact of glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes on the outcomes of cancer treatment: a systematic review. IJMDC, Online First: 21 Oct, 2025. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1756233490


Turabian Style

Albesher, Eman Mohammed, Khalil Ibrahim Bograin, Kawther Hani Alawad, Lugain Ibrahim Almulla, Raghad Sami Aldhafar, Fatimah Abdullah Almajed, Zahra Ali Alhajji, Dana Mohammed H Motabagani, Ummalbanin Abdullah Aljasim, and Fatimah Ahmed Alhabdan. 2025. The impact of glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes on the outcomes of cancer treatment: a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, Online First: 21 Oct, 2025. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1756233490


Chicago Style

Albesher, Eman Mohammed, Khalil Ibrahim Bograin, Kawther Hani Alawad, Lugain Ibrahim Almulla, Raghad Sami Aldhafar, Fatimah Abdullah Almajed, Zahra Ali Alhajji, Dana Mohammed H Motabagani, Ummalbanin Abdullah Aljasim, and Fatimah Ahmed Alhabdan. "The impact of glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes on the outcomes of cancer treatment: a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries Online First: 21 Oct, 2025. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1756233490


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Albesher, Eman Mohammed, Khalil Ibrahim Bograin, Kawther Hani Alawad, Lugain Ibrahim Almulla, Raghad Sami Aldhafar, Fatimah Abdullah Almajed, Zahra Ali Alhajji, Dana Mohammed H Motabagani, Ummalbanin Abdullah Aljasim, and Fatimah Ahmed Alhabdan. "The impact of glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes on the outcomes of cancer treatment: a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries Online First: 21 Oct, 2025. Web. 22 Oct 2025 doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1756233490


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Albesher, E. M., Bograin, . K. I., Alawad, . K. H., Almulla, . L. I., Aldhafar, . R. S., Almajed, . F. A., Alhajji, . Z. A., Motabagani, . D. M. H., Aljasim, . U. A. & Alhabdan, . F. A. (2025) The impact of glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes on the outcomes of cancer treatment: a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, Online First: 21 Oct, 2025. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1756233490




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