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Original Article
Online Published: 20 Oct 2025
 


Knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among the general population in the Jazan region: a cross-sectional study

Jalal Abu Halimah, Ameer M. Mobarki, Bandar F. Daghriri, Abdelelah M. Safhi, Mohannad S. Alshahrani, Saja A. Almraysi, Alhareth K. Muqanna, Moayad H. Rekini, Abdulkarim N. Moafa, Abdulquddus H. Alhazmi, Abdulrahman Y. Alfifa.


Abstract
Background: Gallbladder stones represent a prevalent gastrointestinal condition with potential for serious complications if not recognized early. Despite the rising burden of biliary diseases in Saudi Arabia, public awareness remains insufficient, particularly regarding risk factors and preventive behaviors. This study aimed to assess knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among adults in the Jazan region.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2024 to 2025 among 502 Arabic-speaking adults in Jazan using a validated self-administered online questionnaire. The survey assessed socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of gallstones, attitudes toward prevention, and related health practices. Knowledge scores were calculated on a 0%-100% scale and classified as adequate (≥50%) or inadequate (<50%). Statistical analysis included chi-square tests, ANOVA, and multivariate logistic regression to identify predictors of adequate knowledge.
Results: Of the 502 participants, 67.5% had prior awareness of gallstones, yet only 49.4% demonstrated adequate knowledge. Knowledge gaps were most pronounced in understanding gallbladder function (13.1%) and medication options (17.3%), while symptom recognition was relatively higher (76.3%). A health-related background (OR = 3.33, p < 0.001), previous awareness (OR = 4.50, p < 0.001), and family history (OR = 1.98, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of adequate knowledge.
Conclusion: Despite moderate awareness levels, substantial misconceptions persist regarding complications and treatment options for gallbladder stones. Targeted health education campaigns that leverage digital platforms and focus on high-risk groups, such as individuals with a family history, are warranted to improve preventive literacy and reduce disease burden.

Key words: Gallstones, cholelithiasis, gallbladder, knowledge, Saudi Arabia


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Halimah JA, Mobarki AM, Daghriri BF, Safhi AM, Alshahrani MS, Almraysi SA, Muqanna AK, Rekini MH, Moafa AN, Alhazmi AH, Alfifa AY. Knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among the general population in the Jazan region: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. 2025; 9(9): 2018-2026. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1751216213

Web Style

Halimah JA, Mobarki AM, Daghriri BF, Safhi AM, Alshahrani MS, Almraysi SA, Muqanna AK, Rekini MH, Moafa AN, Alhazmi AH, Alfifa AY. Knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among the general population in the Jazan region: a cross-sectional study. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=267678 [Access: June 23, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1751216213

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Halimah JA, Mobarki AM, Daghriri BF, Safhi AM, Alshahrani MS, Almraysi SA, Muqanna AK, Rekini MH, Moafa AN, Alhazmi AH, Alfifa AY. Knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among the general population in the Jazan region: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. 2025; 9(9): 2018-2026. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1751216213


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Halimah JA, Mobarki AM, Daghriri BF, Safhi AM, Alshahrani MS, Almraysi SA, Muqanna AK, Rekini MH, Moafa AN, Alhazmi AH, Alfifa AY. Knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among the general population in the Jazan region: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. (2025), [cited June 23, 2026]; 9(9): 2018-2026. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1751216213


Harvard Style

Halimah, J. A., Mobarki, . A. M., Daghriri, . B. F., Safhi, . A. M., Alshahrani, . M. S., Almraysi, . S. A., Muqanna, . A. K., Rekini, . M. H., Moafa, . A. N., Alhazmi, . A. H. & Alfifa, . A. Y. (2025) Knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among the general population in the Jazan region: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC, 9 (9), 2018-2026. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1751216213


Turabian Style

Halimah, Jalal Abu, Ameer M. Mobarki, Bandar F. Daghriri, Abdelelah M. Safhi, Mohannad S. Alshahrani, Saja A. Almraysi, Alhareth K. Muqanna, Moayad H. Rekini, Abdulkarim N. Moafa, Abdulquddus H. Alhazmi, and Abdulrahman Y. Alfifa. 2025. Knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among the general population in the Jazan region: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (9), 2018-2026. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1751216213


Chicago Style

Halimah, Jalal Abu, Ameer M. Mobarki, Bandar F. Daghriri, Abdelelah M. Safhi, Mohannad S. Alshahrani, Saja A. Almraysi, Alhareth K. Muqanna, Moayad H. Rekini, Abdulkarim N. Moafa, Abdulquddus H. Alhazmi, and Abdulrahman Y. Alfifa. "Knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among the general population in the Jazan region: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 2018-2026. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1751216213


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Halimah, Jalal Abu, Ameer M. Mobarki, Bandar F. Daghriri, Abdelelah M. Safhi, Mohannad S. Alshahrani, Saja A. Almraysi, Alhareth K. Muqanna, Moayad H. Rekini, Abdulkarim N. Moafa, Abdulquddus H. Alhazmi, and Abdulrahman Y. Alfifa. "Knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among the general population in the Jazan region: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9.9 (2025), 2018-2026. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1751216213


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Halimah, J. A., Mobarki, . A. M., Daghriri, . B. F., Safhi, . A. M., Alshahrani, . M. S., Almraysi, . S. A., Muqanna, . A. K., Rekini, . M. H., Moafa, . A. N., Alhazmi, . A. H. & Alfifa, . A. Y. (2025) Knowledge and awareness of gallbladder stones and their complications among the general population in the Jazan region: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (9), 2018-2026. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1751216213




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