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Original Article
Online Published: 14 Oct 2025
 


Polycystic ovary syndrome prevalence and awareness among Saudi women in the Makkah Region

Amani S. Alomari, Ghaidaa Z. Al Qurashi, Shaimaa H. Althobiti, Dalia O. Al-rifai, Layan F. Alzaaman, Sawsan I. Hawsawi.


Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), its associated menstrual patterns, dietary habits, and risk factors among Saudi females in the Makkah region.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 333 women aged 16-50 years using a mixture of snowball and convenience sampling. A validated, pilot-tested questionnaire was administered to assess menstrual patterns, dietary habits, comorbidities, and PCOS diagnosis.
Results: The study surveyed 333 participants regarding their sociodemographic details and awareness of PCOS. The participants were mainly from Jeddah (44.7%) and Makkah (52.3%). The majority (87.1%) were aware of PCOS. Regarding body mass index, 44.1% had a normal weight. Most participants were aged 16-25 years (55.6%). Regarding marital status, 62.2% were single. Additionally, 67.9% did not have children, and 28.2% were not engaged in sports activities. PCOS was reported by 17.4% of the participants. Menstrual irreg ularities, such as absent (11.4%), continuous (2.1%), and intermittent cycles (11.1%), were significantly associ ated with PCOS. Absent cycles increased PCOS risk (OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.42-9.58, p-value = 0.007), continuous cycles (OR = 34.37, 95% CI: 5.36-220.52, p < 0.001), and intermittent cycles (OR = 7.56, 95% CI: 2.93-19.49, p < 0.001). A high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet increased the likelihood of PCOS (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 0.09-0.47, p < 0.001), while a low-carbohydrate, low-fat diet was protective (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.09-0.83, p-value = 0.022).
Conclusion: Menstrual irregularities and poor dietary habits were strongly associated with PCOS among women in Makkah. Early identification and lifestyle interventions, particularly dietary modifications, could play a key role in managing PCOS and improving reproductive health outcomes.

Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, prevalence, awareness, Saudi women, Makkah


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Alomari AS, Qurashi GZA, Althobiti SH, Al-rifai DO, Alzaaman LF, Hawsawi SI. Polycystic ovary syndrome prevalence and awareness among Saudi women in the Makkah Region. IJMDC. 2025; 9(9): 2001-2009. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1750622223

Web Style

Alomari AS, Qurashi GZA, Althobiti SH, Al-rifai DO, Alzaaman LF, Hawsawi SI. Polycystic ovary syndrome prevalence and awareness among Saudi women in the Makkah Region. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=266050 [Access: June 23, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1750622223

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alomari AS, Qurashi GZA, Althobiti SH, Al-rifai DO, Alzaaman LF, Hawsawi SI. Polycystic ovary syndrome prevalence and awareness among Saudi women in the Makkah Region. IJMDC. 2025; 9(9): 2001-2009. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1750622223


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alomari AS, Qurashi GZA, Althobiti SH, Al-rifai DO, Alzaaman LF, Hawsawi SI. Polycystic ovary syndrome prevalence and awareness among Saudi women in the Makkah Region. IJMDC. (2025), [cited June 23, 2026]; 9(9): 2001-2009. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1750622223


Harvard Style

Alomari, A. S., Qurashi, . G. Z. A., Althobiti, . S. H., Al-rifai, . D. O., Alzaaman, . L. F. & Hawsawi, . S. I. (2025) Polycystic ovary syndrome prevalence and awareness among Saudi women in the Makkah Region. IJMDC, 9 (9), 2001-2009. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1750622223


Turabian Style

Alomari, Amani S., Ghaidaa Z. Al Qurashi, Shaimaa H. Althobiti, Dalia O. Al-rifai, Layan F. Alzaaman, and Sawsan I. Hawsawi. 2025. Polycystic ovary syndrome prevalence and awareness among Saudi women in the Makkah Region. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (9), 2001-2009. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1750622223


Chicago Style

Alomari, Amani S., Ghaidaa Z. Al Qurashi, Shaimaa H. Althobiti, Dalia O. Al-rifai, Layan F. Alzaaman, and Sawsan I. Hawsawi. "Polycystic ovary syndrome prevalence and awareness among Saudi women in the Makkah Region." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 2001-2009. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1750622223


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alomari, Amani S., Ghaidaa Z. Al Qurashi, Shaimaa H. Althobiti, Dalia O. Al-rifai, Layan F. Alzaaman, and Sawsan I. Hawsawi. "Polycystic ovary syndrome prevalence and awareness among Saudi women in the Makkah Region." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9.9 (2025), 2001-2009. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1750622223


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alomari, A. S., Qurashi, . G. Z. A., Althobiti, . S. H., Al-rifai, . D. O., Alzaaman, . L. F. & Hawsawi, . S. I. (2025) Polycystic ovary syndrome prevalence and awareness among Saudi women in the Makkah Region. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (9), 2001-2009. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1750622223




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