Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to screen for sleep disorder and its associated factors as well as to assess the impact of sleep disorder on glycemic control among diabetic patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Khamis Mushait City, south-west Saudi Arabia among patients diagnosed with diabetes (type I and type II) who were seen in Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region outpatient clinics throughout the study period (2021-2022).
Results: Out of a total of 310 diabetic patients, more than one-third (34.5%) were aged over 60 years and 53.2% were females. Poor sleep quality was observed among 44.2% of patients; more observed among type-1 than type-2 (75.7% vs. 39.9%), p-value < 0.001. Compared to single diabetic patients, married patients were at 31% lower risk for poor sleep quality (adjusted odds ratio “AOR” = 0.69; 95% confidence interval “CI” = 0.01-0.45, p-value = 0.004). Compared to patients whose income was <5,000 S/month, those with income of 10,001-15,000 were at a lower significant risk for having poor sleep (AOR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.07-0.56, p-value = 0.003. Opposed to illiterate diabetic patients, university graduate or postgraduate patients were at significantly lower risk for poor sleep quality (AOR = 0.19, 95%CI = 0.06-0.60, p-value = 0.004 and AOR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.06-0.83, p-value = 0.024. respectively). Patients with a history of social stressors were at higher significant risk for poor sleep quality (AOR = 2.22, 95%CI = 1.07-4.60, p-value = 0.033).
Conclusion: Most type-1 and a considerable proportion of type-2 diabetic patients had poor sleep quality. However, further assessment of the sleep quality utilizing objective methods such as polysomnography besides the subjective tool is recommended.

Key words: Diabetes, sleep quality, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, glycemic control, Saudi Arabia