Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

Thamer Alhumodi Alenazi; Lamar Saeed Alghamdi; Shahad Bakr Mohammed Brnawi; Ahmed Abdulaziz Ali Haider; Ahmed Anam Ahmed Mahabbat; Amnah Saeed A Alsaffar; Rakan Saleh Almutairi; Saleh Ali M Alyami; Ali Bandar M Almansour; Ali Abdulla Sowaidan Alaklah

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

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Review Article
Online Published: 22 Jan 2025

IJMDC. 2025; 9(1): 169-174

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

Thamer Alhumodi Alenazi, Lamar Saeed Alghamdi, Shahad Bakr Mohammed Brnawi, Ahmed Abdulaziz Ali Haider, Ahmed Anam Ahmed Mahabbat, Amnah Saeed A Alsaffar, Rakan Saleh Almutairi, Saleh Ali M Alyami, Ali Bandar M Almansour, Ali Abdulla Sowaidan Alaklah.

Abstract
We conducted a thorough search across four databases, yielding a total of 388 relevant publications, to assess the management of sepsis in the emergency departments (EDs) in Saudi Arabia. After reviewing 47 full-text publications, removing duplicates using Rayyan QCRI, and assessing relevance, we ultimately found four papers that met the inclusion criteria. We included four studies involving a total of 1,795 sepsis patients, and 716 (39.8%) were males. Timely administration of antibiotics is crucial in the management of sepsis. Despite the absence of significant mortality differences between the early and immediate antibiotic groups, most patients received treatment within the first hour. Especially for high-risk groups like infants, imaging and microbiological diagnosis are essential; clinical presentations often initiate empirical therapy. Delays in administering antibiotics during handovers did not significantly impact mortality and diagnostic outcomes. Early detection tools and tailored protocols, including local resistance patterns, showed promise in improving the care of sepsis patients by using structured strategies that take into account specific contextual issues. This review highlights the importance of timely antibiotics, comprehensive diagnostics, and tailored protocols
in sepsis management in Saudi Arabia’s EDs. While adherence to international guidelines is evident, local bacterial resistance patterns, diagnostic precision, and operational efficiency remain critical for optimizing outcomes. Future research should focus on larger, prospective studies with standardized metrics to enhance long-term effectiveness and improve care quality for sepsis patients in the region.

Key words: Sepsis; Emergency, Management, Saudi Arabia, Systematic review.

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Pubmed Style

Alenazi TA, Alghamdi LS, Brnawi SBM, Haider AAA, Mahabbat AAA, Alsaffar ASA, Almutairi RS, Alyami SAM, Almansour ABM, Alaklah AAS. Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. IJMDC. 2025; 9(1): 169-174. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

Web Style

Alenazi TA, Alghamdi LS, Brnawi SBM, Haider AAA, Mahabbat AAA, Alsaffar ASA, Almutairi RS, Alyami SAM, Almansour ABM, Alaklah AAS. Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=233815 [Access: March 17, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alenazi TA, Alghamdi LS, Brnawi SBM, Haider AAA, Mahabbat AAA, Alsaffar ASA, Almutairi RS, Alyami SAM, Almansour ABM, Alaklah AAS. Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. IJMDC. 2025; 9(1): 169-174. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alenazi TA, Alghamdi LS, Brnawi SBM, Haider AAA, Mahabbat AAA, Alsaffar ASA, Almutairi RS, Alyami SAM, Almansour ABM, Alaklah AAS. Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. IJMDC. (2025), [cited March 17, 2025]; 9(1): 169-174. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

Harvard Style

Alenazi, T. A., Alghamdi, . L. S., Brnawi, . S. B. M., Haider, . A. A. A., Mahabbat, . A. A. A., Alsaffar, . A. S. A., Almutairi, . R. S., Alyami, . S. A. M., Almansour, . A. B. M. & Alaklah, . A. A. S. (2025) Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. IJMDC, 9 (1), 169-174. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

Turabian Style

Alenazi, Thamer Alhumodi, Lamar Saeed Alghamdi, Shahad Bakr Mohammed Brnawi, Ahmed Abdulaziz Ali Haider, Ahmed Anam Ahmed Mahabbat, Amnah Saeed A Alsaffar, Rakan Saleh Almutairi, Saleh Ali M Alyami, Ali Bandar M Almansour, and Ali Abdulla Sowaidan Alaklah. 2025. Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (1), 169-174. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

Chicago Style

Alenazi, Thamer Alhumodi, Lamar Saeed Alghamdi, Shahad Bakr Mohammed Brnawi, Ahmed Abdulaziz Ali Haider, Ahmed Anam Ahmed Mahabbat, Amnah Saeed A Alsaffar, Rakan Saleh Almutairi, Saleh Ali M Alyami, Ali Bandar M Almansour, and Ali Abdulla Sowaidan Alaklah. "Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 169-174. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alenazi, Thamer Alhumodi, Lamar Saeed Alghamdi, Shahad Bakr Mohammed Brnawi, Ahmed Abdulaziz Ali Haider, Ahmed Anam Ahmed Mahabbat, Amnah Saeed A Alsaffar, Rakan Saleh Almutairi, Saleh Ali M Alyami, Ali Bandar M Almansour, and Ali Abdulla Sowaidan Alaklah. "Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9.1 (2025), 169-174. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alenazi, T. A., Alghamdi, . L. S., Brnawi, . S. B. M., Haider, . A. A. A., Mahabbat, . A. A. A., Alsaffar, . A. S. A., Almutairi, . R. S., Alyami, . S. A. M., Almansour, . A. B. M. & Alaklah, . A. A. S. (2025) Management of Sepsis in Emergency Departments in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (1), 169-174. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734642404

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