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Original Article
Online Published: 11 Aug 2025
 


Prevalence and awareness of cardiometabolic risk factors among university students

Bayan Fawaz Alzahrani, Raghad Abdullah Alamer, Danah Khalid Alharbi, Razan Abdelrahim, Jumanah Yahya Khayatt, Yousof Mohammad Shah, Yosra Turkistani.


Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the awareness and attitudes towards modifiable cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk factors among university students, providing insights into the effectiveness of current educational strategies and identifying the need for targeted interventions.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2024, utilizing an online survey distributed through social media platforms. The sample size was collected randomly and comprised 816 students from various academic years and specialties at Umm Al-Qura University in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Results: The majority of participants in this study were females, aged between 21 and 25 years, and most were from medical specialties (60.4%). The mean body mass index was 23.33 ± 5.83 kg/m2. The analysis revealed significant associations between gender and lifestyle characteristics, such as dietary habits, physical activity, and smoking (p < 0.001). Participants with a family history of hypertension and type II diabetes consumed more high-fat foods and added sugar daily (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The study highlighted the need for more targeted awareness and intervention strategies to improve cardiovascular health among university students, especially those in non-medical majors. The findings can inform the development of educational programs and campaigns to promote healthier lifestyles and address the modifiable risk factors for CVDs in this population.

Key words: Cardiovascular, awareness, risk factors, university students, prevalence


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Alzahrani BF, Alamer RA, Alharbi DK, Abdelrahim R, Khayatt JY, Shah YM, Turkistani Y. Prevalence and awareness of cardiometabolic risk factors among university students. IJMDC. 2025; 9(7): 1465-1474. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734559613

Web Style

Alzahrani BF, Alamer RA, Alharbi DK, Abdelrahim R, Khayatt JY, Shah YM, Turkistani Y. Prevalence and awareness of cardiometabolic risk factors among university students. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=233657 [Access: October 13, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734559613

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alzahrani BF, Alamer RA, Alharbi DK, Abdelrahim R, Khayatt JY, Shah YM, Turkistani Y. Prevalence and awareness of cardiometabolic risk factors among university students. IJMDC. 2025; 9(7): 1465-1474. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734559613


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alzahrani BF, Alamer RA, Alharbi DK, Abdelrahim R, Khayatt JY, Shah YM, Turkistani Y. Prevalence and awareness of cardiometabolic risk factors among university students. IJMDC. (2025), [cited October 13, 2025]; 9(7): 1465-1474. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734559613


Harvard Style

Alzahrani, B. F., Alamer, . R. A., Alharbi, . D. K., Abdelrahim, . R., Khayatt, . J. Y., Shah, . Y. M. & Turkistani, . Y. (2025) Prevalence and awareness of cardiometabolic risk factors among university students. IJMDC, 9 (7), 1465-1474. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734559613


Turabian Style

Alzahrani, Bayan Fawaz, Raghad Abdullah Alamer, Danah Khalid Alharbi, Razan Abdelrahim, Jumanah Yahya Khayatt, Yousof Mohammad Shah, and Yosra Turkistani. 2025. Prevalence and awareness of cardiometabolic risk factors among university students. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (7), 1465-1474. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734559613


Chicago Style

Alzahrani, Bayan Fawaz, Raghad Abdullah Alamer, Danah Khalid Alharbi, Razan Abdelrahim, Jumanah Yahya Khayatt, Yousof Mohammad Shah, and Yosra Turkistani. "Prevalence and awareness of cardiometabolic risk factors among university students." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 1465-1474. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734559613


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alzahrani, Bayan Fawaz, Raghad Abdullah Alamer, Danah Khalid Alharbi, Razan Abdelrahim, Jumanah Yahya Khayatt, Yousof Mohammad Shah, and Yosra Turkistani. "Prevalence and awareness of cardiometabolic risk factors among university students." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9.7 (2025), 1465-1474. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734559613


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alzahrani, B. F., Alamer, . R. A., Alharbi, . D. K., Abdelrahim, . R., Khayatt, . J. Y., Shah, . Y. M. & Turkistani, . Y. (2025) Prevalence and awareness of cardiometabolic risk factors among university students. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (7), 1465-1474. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734559613




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