A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Hyder O. Mirghani; Warif N. Alghofaily; Nada M. Alshehri; Abdulrahman O. Alfakhri

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730903818

2025, Vol: 9, Issue: 2

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Review Article
Online Published: 16 Jan 2025

IJMDC. 2025; 9(1): 131-140

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730903818

A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Hyder O. Mirghani, Warif N. Alghofaily, Nada M. Alshehri, Abdulrahman O. Alfakhri.

Abstract
Weight management therapy has become a priority in diabetes management and remission. Previous meta-analyses on this critical topic are limited, often combining both trials and observational studies. This was the largest meta-analysis comparing bariatric surgery and medical treatment for diabetes remission and included only randomized controlled trials. Four databases were searched without date limitations, up to January 2024, using the following terms: diabetes remission, bariatric surgery, lifestyles, medical treatment, gastric banding, bypass surgery, biliopancreatic diversion, metabolic surgery, gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, adverse effects, side effects, and complications. A total of 1,027 studies were retrieved, of which 211 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After screening 58 full texts, 19 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Bariatric surgeries demonstrated superiority over drug treatment in achieving diabetes remission, with an odds ratio of 15.24 (95% CI, 5.72–40.60), Chi-square = 118.31, and p-value<0.001. The heterogeneity was substantial (I²=85%, p-value<0.001). No significant differences were observed between bariatric surgery and medical treatment regarding the total number of adverse events. Patients who underwent bariatric surgery experienced higher rates of diabetes remission despite having higher baseline glycated hemoglobin levels and being younger than their counterparts. No differences were noted in the duration of diabetes, body mass index, or total adverse events.

Key words: Bariatric surgery, usual care, diabetes remission, adverse events, systemic review.

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Mirghani HO, Alghofaily WN, Alshehri NM, Alfakhri AO. A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. IJMDC. 2025; 9(1): 131-140. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730903818

Web Style

Mirghani HO, Alghofaily WN, Alshehri NM, Alfakhri AO. A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=227641 [Access: March 17, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730903818

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Mirghani HO, Alghofaily WN, Alshehri NM, Alfakhri AO. A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. IJMDC. 2025; 9(1): 131-140. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730903818

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Mirghani HO, Alghofaily WN, Alshehri NM, Alfakhri AO. A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. IJMDC. (2025), [cited March 17, 2025]; 9(1): 131-140. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730903818

Harvard Style

Mirghani, H. O., Alghofaily, . W. N., Alshehri, . N. M. & Alfakhri, . A. O. (2025) A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. IJMDC, 9 (1), 131-140. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730903818

Turabian Style

Mirghani, Hyder O., Warif N. Alghofaily, Nada M. Alshehri, and Abdulrahman O. Alfakhri. 2025. A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (1), 131-140. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730903818

Chicago Style

Mirghani, Hyder O., Warif N. Alghofaily, Nada M. Alshehri, and Abdulrahman O. Alfakhri. "A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 131-140. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730903818

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Mirghani, H. O., Alghofaily, . W. N., Alshehri, . N. M. & Alfakhri, . A. O. (2025) A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (1), 131-140. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730903818

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