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2025, Vol: 9, Issue: 9
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Review Article
Online Published: 30 Sep 2024
 


Environmental risk factors associated with stunting in pediatric

Mansour M. Al-qurashi, Mujahid Nasser Almuhaydib, Aisha Ebrahim Alfaqih, Diala Raed Albalawi, Ali Yahya Alshehri, Khadijah Mohammed Qattan, Athbah Ebraheem Alfaqih.


Abstract
Background: We aimed to identify the environmental risk factors of stunting and developmental issues in pediatric patients. Stunting can result from a variety of environmental variables, including infections and inadequate nutrition.
Method: This review was conducted and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. To perform a comprehensive literature search, we used the online databases MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and EMBASE. Our search covered articles published between 2018 and 2023 that were written in English. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as well as prospective and retroactive cohorts were considered. Stunting and environmental risk factors were used to guide our initial thorough search of the chosen databases.
Result: Ten studies total - nine RCTs and one cross-sectional cohort - were included in our review. There was one study carried out in 2018, three in 2019, two in 2020, two in 2021, and two in 2022. The studies used a variety of interventions, such as Water, sanitation, and hygiene, Integrated cost-effective home-based package, nutritional supplements, and the delivery of antibiotics, to address hygiene, infection, and nutritional problems.
Conclusion: The bulk of implemented interventions (nutritional supplementation, sanitation and hygiene programs, and anti microbial agents) have shown good results in reducing stunting and enhancing the growth and development of children.

Key words: stunting, Environmental, risk factors, sanitation, nutrition, infection, hygiene


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Al-qurashi MM, Almuhaydib MN, Alfaqih AE, Albalawi DR, Alshehri AY, Qattan KM, Alfaqih AE. Environmental risk factors associated with stunting in pediatric. IJMDC. 2024; 8(9): 2492-2498. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1724783737

Web Style

Al-qurashi MM, Almuhaydib MN, Alfaqih AE, Albalawi DR, Alshehri AY, Qattan KM, Alfaqih AE. Environmental risk factors associated with stunting in pediatric. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=217586 [Access: October 14, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1724783737

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Al-qurashi MM, Almuhaydib MN, Alfaqih AE, Albalawi DR, Alshehri AY, Qattan KM, Alfaqih AE. Environmental risk factors associated with stunting in pediatric. IJMDC. 2024; 8(9): 2492-2498. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1724783737


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Al-qurashi MM, Almuhaydib MN, Alfaqih AE, Albalawi DR, Alshehri AY, Qattan KM, Alfaqih AE. Environmental risk factors associated with stunting in pediatric. IJMDC. (2024), [cited October 14, 2025]; 8(9): 2492-2498. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1724783737


Harvard Style

Al-qurashi, M. M., Almuhaydib, . M. N., Alfaqih, . A. E., Albalawi, . D. R., Alshehri, . A. Y., Qattan, . K. M. & Alfaqih, . A. E. (2024) Environmental risk factors associated with stunting in pediatric. IJMDC, 8 (9), 2492-2498. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1724783737


Turabian Style

Al-qurashi, Mansour M., Mujahid Nasser Almuhaydib, Aisha Ebrahim Alfaqih, Diala Raed Albalawi, Ali Yahya Alshehri, Khadijah Mohammed Qattan, and Athbah Ebraheem Alfaqih. 2024. Environmental risk factors associated with stunting in pediatric. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (9), 2492-2498. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1724783737


Chicago Style

Al-qurashi, Mansour M., Mujahid Nasser Almuhaydib, Aisha Ebrahim Alfaqih, Diala Raed Albalawi, Ali Yahya Alshehri, Khadijah Mohammed Qattan, and Athbah Ebraheem Alfaqih. "Environmental risk factors associated with stunting in pediatric." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8 (2024), 2492-2498. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1724783737


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Al-qurashi, Mansour M., Mujahid Nasser Almuhaydib, Aisha Ebrahim Alfaqih, Diala Raed Albalawi, Ali Yahya Alshehri, Khadijah Mohammed Qattan, and Athbah Ebraheem Alfaqih. "Environmental risk factors associated with stunting in pediatric." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8.9 (2024), 2492-2498. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1724783737


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Al-qurashi, M. M., Almuhaydib, . M. N., Alfaqih, . A. E., Albalawi, . D. R., Alshehri, . A. Y., Qattan, . K. M. & Alfaqih, . A. E. (2024) Environmental risk factors associated with stunting in pediatric. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (9), 2492-2498. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1724783737




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