The prevalence of refractive errors among male children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Azza Jabir Mohanna; Majid Moafa; Sultan Ali Dhamri; Abdullrahman Darraj; Yara Mohammed Mobarki; Husameldin Elsawi Khalafalla; Kharifah Mohammad Ibrahem Sherah

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542582371

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Original Article
Online Published: 12 Feb 2019

IJMDC. 2019; 3(2): 192-197

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542582371

The prevalence of refractive errors among male children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Azza Jabir Mohanna, Majid Moafa, Sultan Ali Dhamri, Abdullrahman Darraj, Yara Mohammed Mobarki, Husameldin Elsawi Khalafalla, Kharifah Mohammad Ibrahem Sherah.

Abstract
Background:
Visual impairment has affected many people around the globe. It is common at every age of life. It had become a prime health issue whereas its health burden is considerably less severe when it is diagnosed at the initial stages. Previous studies have shown certain disease found in children are caused mostly by an uncorrected refractive error. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the patterns of significant refractive errors and elements that are related to it among the male primary school children in the region of Jazan.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among male primary school children of Jazan region, in the Southwest of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
Results: A total of 1798 children aged between 6 and 12 years old were included in the study, their mean age was 9.74±1.802 years. For the right eye, more than half (59.0%) of our participated children were emmetrop, 17.6% were myope and 23.4% were hyperopia. While for the left eye 58.2% were emmetrop, 16.9% were myope and 25.0% were hyperopia. The results revealed a statistical correlation between occurrence of astigmatism and myope (p<0.001). With regard to hyperopia, 317 (62.5%) of those who were hyperopia suffered from astigmatism. We also found a statistically significant correlation between occurrence of astigmatism and hyperopia (p<0.001). There was a significant correlation between astigmatism and refraction errors in right eye (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Refractive error among children is a common problem and needs to be assessed at every health evaluation of school children for early intervention.

Key words: refractive errors ; male children ; Jizan

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Pubmed Style

Mohanna AJ, Moafa M, Dhamri SA, Darraj A, Mobarki YM, Khalafalla HE, Sherah KMI. The prevalence of refractive errors among male children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2019; 3(2): 192-197. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542582371

Web Style

Mohanna AJ, Moafa M, Dhamri SA, Darraj A, Mobarki YM, Khalafalla HE, Sherah KMI. The prevalence of refractive errors among male children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=17832 [Access: October 12, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542582371

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Mohanna AJ, Moafa M, Dhamri SA, Darraj A, Mobarki YM, Khalafalla HE, Sherah KMI. The prevalence of refractive errors among male children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2019; 3(2): 192-197. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542582371

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Mohanna AJ, Moafa M, Dhamri SA, Darraj A, Mobarki YM, Khalafalla HE, Sherah KMI. The prevalence of refractive errors among male children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. (2019), [cited October 12, 2025]; 3(2): 192-197. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542582371

Harvard Style

Mohanna, A. J., Moafa, . M., Dhamri, . S. A., Darraj, . A., Mobarki, . Y. M., Khalafalla, . H. E. & Sherah, . K. M. I. (2019) The prevalence of refractive errors among male children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC, 3 (2), 192-197. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542582371

Turabian Style

Mohanna, Azza Jabir, Majid Moafa, Sultan Ali Dhamri, Abdullrahman Darraj, Yara Mohammed Mobarki, Husameldin Elsawi Khalafalla, and Kharifah Mohammad Ibrahem Sherah. 2019. The prevalence of refractive errors among male children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 3 (2), 192-197. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542582371

Chicago Style

Mohanna, Azza Jabir, Majid Moafa, Sultan Ali Dhamri, Abdullrahman Darraj, Yara Mohammed Mobarki, Husameldin Elsawi Khalafalla, and Kharifah Mohammad Ibrahem Sherah. "The prevalence of refractive errors among male children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 3 (2019), 192-197. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542582371

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Mohanna, A. J., Moafa, . M., Dhamri, . S. A., Darraj, . A., Mobarki, . Y. M., Khalafalla, . H. E. & Sherah, . K. M. I. (2019) The prevalence of refractive errors among male children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 3 (2), 192-197. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542582371

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