Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia

Mohammed Ghannam Alharbi; Ghadah Khalid H. Alanazi; Bishri Fawzan Almesned; Yasmin Saadi H. Alenazi; Raghad Muteb Alruwaili; Wafa Thyab M. Alanazi; Shuruq Mohsen A. Alshammari; Ahad Falah M. Alanazi; Shahad Aqeel D. Alenezi; Ashjan Yasir B. Almohaimeed

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

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Original Article
Online Published: 11 Dec 2023

IJMDC. 2024; 8(1): 151-157

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia

Mohammed Ghannam Alharbi, Ghadah Khalid H. Alanazi, Bishri Fawzan Almesned, Yasmin Saadi H. Alenazi, Raghad Muteb Alruwaili, Wafa Thyab M. Alanazi, Shuruq Mohsen A. Alshammari, Ahad Falah M. Alanazi, Shahad Aqeel D. Alenezi, Ashjan Yasir B. Almohaimeed.

Abstract
Background: A significant factor in patient delays is a lack of understanding of MI symptoms. Denial, fear, and an undue reliance on self-management could be the causes of more delays. This study aimed to assess the level of public awareness concerning the early symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and the appropriate actions to be taken when these symptoms manifest in the population of Arar, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional design employing a quantitative approach was used. Data were collected through an online self-administered questionnaire distributed to 390 participants using convenience sampling. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: The study revealed mixed awareness levels among participants. While 63.6% correctly recognized chest pain as a symptom of MI, only 61.8% identified radiating pain to the shoulder, arm, back, neck, and jaw as an alarming symptom. Additionally, 74.9% recognized shortness of breath, and 64.6% identified fatigue as potential MI symptoms. Other symptoms, such as cold sweats (57.2%) and nausea (40.3%), were less well-known. Among the recognized risk factors, smoking (86.7%), diabetes (64.1%), and hypertension (79%) were relatively well-acknowledged, while obesity (84.4%) and sedentary lifestyles (86.9%) were recognized to a lesser extent. Age, education, income, city of residence, personal or family history of MI, history of MI among acquaintances, and exposure to AMI information in media and books significantly influenced awareness scores (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of tailored public health interventions to enhance MI awareness, especially among younger individuals, those with higher education, and those with lower incomes. It highlights the need for addressing lesser-known risk factors, such as obesity and sedentary lifestyles, to comprehensively prevent MI.

Key words: Acute myocardial infarction, awareness, public Health, risk Factors, Saudi Arabia.

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Pubmed Style

Alharbi MG, Alanazi GKH, Almesned BF, Alenazi YSH, Alruwaili RM, Alanazi WTM, Alshammari SMA, Alanazi AFM, Alenezi SAD, Almohaimeed AYB. Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2024; 8(1): 151-157. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

Web Style

Alharbi MG, Alanazi GKH, Almesned BF, Alenazi YSH, Alruwaili RM, Alanazi WTM, Alshammari SMA, Alanazi AFM, Alenezi SAD, Almohaimeed AYB. Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=177033 [Access: October 14, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alharbi MG, Alanazi GKH, Almesned BF, Alenazi YSH, Alruwaili RM, Alanazi WTM, Alshammari SMA, Alanazi AFM, Alenezi SAD, Almohaimeed AYB. Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2024; 8(1): 151-157. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alharbi MG, Alanazi GKH, Almesned BF, Alenazi YSH, Alruwaili RM, Alanazi WTM, Alshammari SMA, Alanazi AFM, Alenezi SAD, Almohaimeed AYB. Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. (2024), [cited October 14, 2025]; 8(1): 151-157. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

Harvard Style

Alharbi, M. G., Alanazi, . G. K. H., Almesned, . B. F., Alenazi, . Y. S. H., Alruwaili, . R. M., Alanazi, . W. T. M., Alshammari, . S. M. A., Alanazi, . A. F. M., Alenezi, . S. A. D. & Almohaimeed, . A. Y. B. (2024) Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC, 8 (1), 151-157. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

Turabian Style

Alharbi, Mohammed Ghannam, Ghadah Khalid H. Alanazi, Bishri Fawzan Almesned, Yasmin Saadi H. Alenazi, Raghad Muteb Alruwaili, Wafa Thyab M. Alanazi, Shuruq Mohsen A. Alshammari, Ahad Falah M. Alanazi, Shahad Aqeel D. Alenezi, and Ashjan Yasir B. Almohaimeed. 2024. Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (1), 151-157. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

Chicago Style

Alharbi, Mohammed Ghannam, Ghadah Khalid H. Alanazi, Bishri Fawzan Almesned, Yasmin Saadi H. Alenazi, Raghad Muteb Alruwaili, Wafa Thyab M. Alanazi, Shuruq Mohsen A. Alshammari, Ahad Falah M. Alanazi, Shahad Aqeel D. Alenezi, and Ashjan Yasir B. Almohaimeed. "Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8 (2024), 151-157. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alharbi, Mohammed Ghannam, Ghadah Khalid H. Alanazi, Bishri Fawzan Almesned, Yasmin Saadi H. Alenazi, Raghad Muteb Alruwaili, Wafa Thyab M. Alanazi, Shuruq Mohsen A. Alshammari, Ahad Falah M. Alanazi, Shahad Aqeel D. Alenezi, and Ashjan Yasir B. Almohaimeed. "Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8.1 (2024), 151-157. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alharbi, M. G., Alanazi, . G. K. H., Almesned, . B. F., Alenazi, . Y. S. H., Alruwaili, . R. M., Alanazi, . W. T. M., Alshammari, . S. M. A., Alanazi, . A. F. M., Alenezi, . S. A. D. & Almohaimeed, . A. Y. B. (2024) Public Awareness of Early Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Arar, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (1), 151-157. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1699617881

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