International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries (IJMDC) is a peer-reviewed medical journal published for health care professionals.
The journal is accredited by the Ministry of Culture and Media, Saudi Arabia المملكة العربية السعودية - وزارة الثقافة والإعلام . The journal has an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) 1658-7820 registered via King Fahad National Library, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Our mission is to provide relevant, useful, and up-to-date medical information to help healthcare providers solve clinical problems and improve patient care. With contributions from physicians, dentists, medical students and researchers from around the world, IJMDC provides a platform for the recent developments across many medicine and dentistry specialties, particularly from the developing world.
Each issue contains original research, academic review articles, health outcomes articles, case reports and basic research to assist health care professionals in making decisions by including the latest techniques and treatment options for treating their patients.
More than 9 authors (students/interns) are not acceptable until there is a special justification. For the articles authored by students/interns, they must include their research supervisor or consultant as co-author (9 students + 1 Supervisor/Consultant/Prof). Please see our Guide for Authors for more details.
2026, Vol: 10, Issue: 6
IJMDC. Year: 2026, Volume: 10 Original Article- Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards glaucoma among glaucoma patients and their relatives in southern Saudi Arabia in 2024
Abdulrahman Abdu Daghreeri, Taif Ali Zogel, Anas Mohammed Abudasir, Wafa Ali Alharbi, Layan Saeed Alshmrani, Abdulaziz Mohammed M Abudasir, Rema Fahad Alharbi, Nada Ibrahim Asiri, Amjad Mobark Al Thamr, Mohammed Qassem H. Dibaji, Ghassan E. Mustafa Ahmed
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1497-1506
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733155669
Original Article- Prevalence and clinical characteristics of the coronary slow flow phenomenon at a tertiary cardiac center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Aseel Abdulmoanim Alharbi, Naif Mubarak Alhamdi, Baiader Saleh Alsheikh, Jehad Mohammed Fareed Zamzami, Shadwan Esmail Alfakih
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1507-1513
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770270389
Original Article- Knowledge and awareness regarding cervical cancer screening among women in Saudi Arabia
Bayan Abbas Zaatari, Omar Abdelbadie, Wed Salah, Deena Mohammed Alamri, Layan Abdulkarim Gadi, Lujain Nasser Qursayn, Lama Alfaifi, Ebtisam Alhatimi, Muntaha Sami Alsulaimani, Rahaf Ahmed Alzaidi, Lama Naji Alharbi
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1514-1521
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770343575
Original Article- Prevalence and awareness evaluation of De Quervain’s tenosynovitis among the general population in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia
Saad Adel Fattah, Ayman Hamid Alghamdi, Turki Abdullah Qari, Abdulaziz Ahmed Munshi, Salma Mohammed Alhadhrami, Anmar Aiman Rehbini, Lamar Ismail Alsiamy, Mohammad Mahmoud Alkot
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1522-1531
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1771796488
Original Article- Quality of sleep among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Qassim region: a cross-sectional study
Abdullah N. Al-qifari, Sultan S. Alruqaie, Faisal A. Al-harbi, Ziyad A. Alsweed, Hameed K. Alanazi, Turki Awadh Almutairi, Omer A. Assaigal, Mohammed H. Alhasson, Hana N. Alqifari
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1532-1538
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1772828871
Original Article- Patient satisfaction with telemedicine consultations in primary care clinics at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Badar Altulaihi, Gaida Bu Eid, Jouri B. Alburaykan, Bsmah H. Mesawa
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1539-1545
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1773252111
Original Article- Assessment of nurses’ knowledge and awareness of pediatric tracheostomy care in a pediatric hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
Dinah Alnoaimi, Hussain Alsheef, Shaykhah Alnaimi, Noorah Alnoaimi, Maria Alabdulaal
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1546-1555
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1773405547
Original Article- Burden of osteoporotic fractures attributable to low bone mineral density in the United States: a retrospective cohort from 1990 to 2023 with forecasting to 2050
Saad Musaad E. Alharthi, Sadeem M. Alshammari, Abdullah Z. Alshalan, Elham Fahad Alfaqih, Thanyan Faisl Almnjomi, Abdulwahab Khalid Othman Ahmed, Faisal S. Alhafi, Osama Abdullah Muhammad Algarni, Osamah M. Alamri, Mohammed Bader Alanazi, Hail Turki Alharthi
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1556-1565
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1773600721
Original Article- Late versus early surgical intervention of undescended testicles and their difference: a retrospective study
Mohammad Alabood, Alwleed Alaidah, Abdualrhman Alahmadi, Omar Alshammary, Fahad Alharbi, Sultan S. Alruqaie, Abdulaziz Alharbi, Abdulaziz Alosaimi
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1566-1572
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1773708493
Original Article- Incidence of chronic post-surgical pain in orthopaedic surgery and the potential risk factors for it in a tertiary Orthopaedics center in Saudi Arabia
Adnan A Aladraii, Khalil A Almalki, Abdulaziz Ahmed Abdulaziz, Alanoud Hussain Alruqi, Ammar Abdullah Alsabilah, Nawaf Sulaiman Althagafi, Anas M Alomair, Wael Hyderabad, Doaa K Mohorjy
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1573-1580
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1773863213
Original Article- Assessment of breast cancer risk factors among women with a first-degree relative in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Badria Eid Aljohani, Manal Alsurayhi
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1581-1590
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1774853176
Original Article- Assessment of knowledge and awareness level of congenital umbilical hernia among the general population in the Southern region of Saudi Arabia
Anas Ahmed, Reema Nharri, Fai Mahdi, Ahlam Harthi, Raffan Hamzi, Taif Alameer, Amal Badri, Sarah Maashi, Muidh Almansour, Abdulmohsen Al-shahrani, Anas Alshehri, Meshal Alhussain, Hussam Alquraish, Ibtihaj Alsalhi, Mohammed Alobaid
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1591-1598
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1774895401
Original Article- Effect of negative pressure wound therapy versus standard wound care on surgical site infections in closed laparotomy wounds in Saudi Arabia: a single-center retrospective study
Nasser Hakami, Maisa Baiti, Abdullah Madkhali, Ali Hakami, Rahf Almahdi, Shahad Alharbi, Mohammed Awaf, Hafiz Al-musawa, Moath Alkhaldi, Fahad Alshahrani, Amer Alsuayri
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1599-1604
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1774917437
Original Article- Pregnancy outcomes in obese women: tertiary hospital experience
Mohammad Othman, Mahmoud Albalawi, Osama Alblimy, Hatem Alzahrani, Yousef Alghamdi, Nawaf Alharshani
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1605-1609
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1774933766
Original Article- Pregnancy and antibiotics: a retrospective study
Mohammad Othman, Raneem Yahya, Joud Alshangiti, Mohammed Albishr, Bassim Alshreef, Abdulellah Al-ghamdi
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1610-1614
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1775118349
Original Article- Sehhaty application: a catalyst for improved healthcare access among rural residents in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: a cross sectional study
Amani Abdelmola, Mohammed H. Ghasham, Ayman A. Akkur, Naif Alshamrani, Ahmed E. Alabah, Mohammed Y. Shubayli, Khalil Hakami, Ali A. Dagreri, Aisha Derban, Shatha K. Alharbi, Ahmed K. Moafa, Renas Ageeli, Ibrahim Mahzari, Mohammad Alghariri, Abdullah Alsharari
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1615-1622
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1775399361
Original Article- Exploring patient preferences: factors influencing selection of hospital emergency room or primary health care center for urgent and non-urgent surgical cases in Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad Jareebi, Raghad Bajawi, Abdullah Yahya Madkhali, Khalid Humedi, Fawaz Sabi, Ali Hakami, Mohammed Dareni, Muidh Almansour, Anas Alshehri, Hussam Alquraish
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1623-1629
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1775547466
Original Article- Knowledge and attitude of newly delivered mothers to episiotomy; a tertiary hospital experience
Mohammad Othman, Layan Barabea, Nouf Alfaqeer, Razan Almotowa, Ghaida Alzahrani, Fatimah Almrwani, Marah Qudaih
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1630-1634
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1775568287
Review Article- Evaluating the effectiveness of niacinamide containing emollients and cleansing gel in treating atopic dermatitis: a systematic review
Hadeel A. Albadawi, Elaf S. Alrimthi, Shikhah A. Alomran, Thana A. Algarni, Turki M. Alqurashi, Renad L. Alanazi, Rana S. Alwadie, Talah A. Ashour, Rawan N. Aldidab, Zainab Y. Almarzooq, Ahmed Mohammed Baabdullah
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1635-1639
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1768252893
Review Article- Efficacy and safety of adjunctive eslicarbazepine acetate for focal-onset seizures in pediatric populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of high-quality studies
Alaa Maslan Almalki, Albatul Hazaa Al-shareef, Odai Waleed Ashgar, Sumayyah Saleem Almehmadi, Latifah Abdulaziz Almulhim, Nouf Fikiri Al-saeedi, Rena Faisal Aljahdli, Abdulaziz A. Alzahrani, Osama Y. Muthaffar
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1640-1650
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1769286873
Review Article- Efficacy and safety of netarsudil compared with traditional prostaglandin analogs for intraocular pressure control in open angle glaucoma: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials (2020-2025)
Sabah Mubarak H. Alshahrani, Sulaiman Altraiqi, Shaima Yahya A. Assiri, Lamya Mohammed S. Almobty, Basmah Durizi K. Alrawaili, Abdulhamid Hamoud Altowairqi, Tahani Srihan Alzahrani, Dina Adnan O. Yamani
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1651-1657
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1769772847
Review Article- Trends of atrial fibrillation/flutter in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries and their associated risk factors from 1990 to 2023 with forecasting to 2050
Muath Awadh Alsurur, Walaa Fahad Aljuhani, Anas Saleh Alghamdi, Saad Dafer Alaliany, Leen Saleh Al-wagdani, Abdulelah Abdullah Ali, Atheer Jafar Almalki, Abdulkarim Ibrahim Alqurashi, Ziyad Mohammed Alosaimi, Alanoud Mutlaq Alharthi, Muhannad Almubarak
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1658-1667
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1772284444
Review Article- Therapeutic impact of brain stimulation on motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Albaraa Musallam Sufyani, Ali Hasan Al-saffar, Yara Khaled Alghamdi, Emtenan Eid Alshalahi, Layan Ali Aldeaiji, Reem Zaki Alawaji, Mohammed Talal Musslem, Yousef Talal Rajikhan, Khalid Mohammed Alsulaim, Mohammed Alqwaifly
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1668-1686
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1772462782
Review Article- Delayed diagnosis of acute compartment syndrome in the emergency department: systematic review
Saleh Emad Abuzaid, Abdulkarim Ibrahim Algowaifly, Abdulrahman Abdulaziz Alsugair
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1687-1693
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1773607303
Review Article- Clinical and laboratory differences between mild and severe diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency department: systematic review
Hazem Ali Alzahrani, Abdurahman Khalid Alhamdani, Moneef Ibrahim Almoneef
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1694-1700
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1773608434
Review Article- Efficacy of Xiao-Feng-San for atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta analysis
Mohammed Salem Alshehri, Ibrahim Mohammed Alfuraih, Rahaf Fayih Alotaibi, Remas Hamad Alsharif, Alanoud Abdullah Al Daej, Nawal Hussain Hibili, Amani Abduh Mosleh, Leen Saleh Al-wagdani, Najwa Hamad Almutairi, Rema Aldihan
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1701-1708
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1774619635
Review Article- Transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with severe aortic stenosis with low, intermediate, and high surgical risk: systematic review and meta-analysis
Shaden Khalid Bahatheq, Reem B. Alqarni, Abdualrahman T. Alashari, Faisal F. Aljadani, Rayan T. Aljadani, Fatimah M. Asiri, Joud M. Alharthy, Lama W. Almansouri, Osama A. Fakahani, Shahad K. Elyas, Reeman Y. Wasil, Mognee Y. Alamir
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1709-1721
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1774799806
Review Article- Obstructive sleep apnea and type-2 diabetes: a systematic review
Alaa M. Alaqeel, Abdulaziz Muidh Alqahtani, Muath Bader Alotaibi, Mohand B. Albalawi
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1722-1728
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1774939672
Review Article- Corneal cross-linking for progressive keratoconus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term visual and topographic outcomes
Batool Yahya Ali Asiri, Bandar Mohammed Mushabbab Asiri, Abdulrahman Mohammed A. Alamri
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1729-1736
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1775819511
Case Report- A rare presentation of acute pancreatitis with normal serum amylase and lipase in the emergency department: a case report
Abdullah Alsaif, Dalea Alkatheri, Rashid Alghanim, Hassan Alsinan, Hussain Alqattan, Dunya Alfaraj
IJMDC. 2026; 10(6): 1737-1739
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1775589603