Knowledge, attitude, and practice: crosssectional study of pseudo-hyperglycemia and effects of unwashed hands among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Amani Abualnaja; Nadeef Alqahtani; Jood Alnojaidi; Dalal Aldossari; Yara Aldosari; Shuruq Alkhalaf; Amal Alnafisi

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1610776355

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IJMDC. 2021; 5(3): 954-961

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1610776355

Knowledge, attitude, and practice: crosssectional study of pseudo-hyperglycemia and effects of unwashed hands among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Amani Abualnaja, Nadeef Alqahtani, Jood Alnojaidi, Dalal Aldossari, Yara Aldosari, Shuruq Alkhalaf, Amal Alnafisi.

Abstract
Background: Saudi Arabia is ranked the second highest, in the Middle East, for the prevalence of diabetes. People carry out blood glucose self-monitoring with diabetes to measure their blood sugar using a glycemic reader. Still, the accuracy could be affected by few factors, such as unwashed hands. The present study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice of pseudo-hyperglycemia effects of unwashed hands among type 2 diabetes patients in Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of pseudo-hyperglycemia effects of unwashed hands among 394 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged 40 and older in King Salman bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, 2017. Chi-squared test was used to attain a p-value between categorical data, both dependent and independent, to estimate the association where p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Among the studied subjects, 58.4% (n = 230) of the participants had knowledge about the pseudo-hyperglycemia effect of unwashed hands, 68.8% (n = 271) always washed their hands. Regarding attitude, 71.1% (n = 280) agreed that there was a relationship between unwashed hands and wrong reading. The only significant factor that could increase the risk of pseudo-hyperglycemia effect of unwashed hands was gender (p = 0.037). And the characteristics that could be associated with adequate knowledge are age (p = 0.049), gender (p = 0.011), and nationality (p = 0.016).
Conclusion: The study deduces the importance of washing hands before using a blood glucose meter to prevent pseudo-hyperglycemia, despite using alcohol swabs. Therefore, we recommend all people with type 2 diabetes to wash hands before using a glucose meter.

Key words: Diabetes, glucose meter, hand washing, pseudo-hyperglycemia, self-monitoring of blood glucose.

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Pubmed Style

Abualnaja A, Alqahtani N, Alnojaidi J, Aldossari D, Aldosari Y, Alkhalaf S, Alnafisi A. Knowledge, attitude, and practice: crosssectional study of pseudo-hyperglycemia and effects of unwashed hands among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2021; 5(3): 954-961. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1610776355

Web Style

Abualnaja A, Alqahtani N, Alnojaidi J, Aldossari D, Aldosari Y, Alkhalaf S, Alnafisi A. Knowledge, attitude, and practice: crosssectional study of pseudo-hyperglycemia and effects of unwashed hands among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=45219 [Access: March 26, 2024]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1610776355

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Abualnaja A, Alqahtani N, Alnojaidi J, Aldossari D, Aldosari Y, Alkhalaf S, Alnafisi A. Knowledge, attitude, and practice: crosssectional study of pseudo-hyperglycemia and effects of unwashed hands among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2021; 5(3): 954-961. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1610776355

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Abualnaja A, Alqahtani N, Alnojaidi J, Aldossari D, Aldosari Y, Alkhalaf S, Alnafisi A. Knowledge, attitude, and practice: crosssectional study of pseudo-hyperglycemia and effects of unwashed hands among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. (2021), [cited March 26, 2024]; 5(3): 954-961. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1610776355

Harvard Style

Abualnaja, A., Alqahtani, . N., Alnojaidi, . J., Aldossari, . D., Aldosari, . Y., Alkhalaf, . S. & Alnafisi, . A. (2021) Knowledge, attitude, and practice: crosssectional study of pseudo-hyperglycemia and effects of unwashed hands among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. IJMDC, 5 (3), 954-961. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1610776355

Turabian Style

Abualnaja, Amani, Nadeef Alqahtani, Jood Alnojaidi, Dalal Aldossari, Yara Aldosari, Shuruq Alkhalaf, and Amal Alnafisi. 2021. Knowledge, attitude, and practice: crosssectional study of pseudo-hyperglycemia and effects of unwashed hands among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 5 (3), 954-961. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1610776355

Chicago Style

Abualnaja, Amani, Nadeef Alqahtani, Jood Alnojaidi, Dalal Aldossari, Yara Aldosari, Shuruq Alkhalaf, and Amal Alnafisi. "Knowledge, attitude, and practice: crosssectional study of pseudo-hyperglycemia and effects of unwashed hands among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 5 (2021), 954-961. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1610776355

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Abualnaja, A., Alqahtani, . N., Alnojaidi, . J., Aldossari, . D., Aldosari, . Y., Alkhalaf, . S. & Alnafisi, . A. (2021) Knowledge, attitude, and practice: crosssectional study of pseudo-hyperglycemia and effects of unwashed hands among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 5 (3), 954-961. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1610776355

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