E-ISSN 1658-7820
 

Review Article

Online Publishing Date:
16 / 01 / 2021

 


Effectiveness of gingival depigmentation: a review

Alhassan Mohammed Ajeebi, Shahad Ahmed Alquraishi, Alfadhel Ismail Hamami.


Abstract
The gingival tissue is considered as the most pigmented tissue in the oral cavity. An excessive accumulation of melanin in the basal and supra-basal layers of the epithelium resulted in gingival hyperpigmentation. Several patients consider pigmentation of the gingival tissue as unaesthetic, which may have a negative psychological impact, particularly in patients with high smile lines. Gingival depigmentation could be performed through various methods, but laser therapy is considered the most effective one. The laser could lead to effective surgery due to its ability to cut, remove, and reshape gingiva that leaves the surgical area almost entirely bloodless and visible. Gingival pigments are multifactorial, and thus knowing the cause will facilitate addressing the aesthetic demand of different patients. The present paper focused on reviewing literature about gingival pigment indexes, scores usually used during clinical examination, and common techniques used for depigmentation of gingival tissues. Various non-surgical and surgical techniques for depigmentation of gingival tissue are described in the literature. Patients tend to request bloodless and minimally invasive techniques for the removal of pigmented tissues. The re-occurrence of these pigments with time was affected by the nature and origin of these pigments, as well as some medicines and medical conditions that may aggregate the rate of re-pigmenting.

Key words: Gingival display, gingival pigments, depigmentation, repigmentation.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Ajeebi AM, Alquraishi SA, Hamami AI. Effectiveness of gingival depigmentation: a review. IJMDC. 2021; 5(5): 1238-1243. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1609253259


Web Style

Ajeebi AM, Alquraishi SA, Hamami AI. Effectiveness of gingival depigmentation: a review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=37365 [Access: March 27, 2024]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1609253259


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ajeebi AM, Alquraishi SA, Hamami AI. Effectiveness of gingival depigmentation: a review. IJMDC. 2021; 5(5): 1238-1243. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1609253259



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ajeebi AM, Alquraishi SA, Hamami AI. Effectiveness of gingival depigmentation: a review. IJMDC. (2021), [cited March 27, 2024]; 5(5): 1238-1243. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1609253259



Harvard Style

Ajeebi, A. M., Alquraishi, . S. A. & Hamami, . A. I. (2021) Effectiveness of gingival depigmentation: a review. IJMDC, 5 (5), 1238-1243. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1609253259



Turabian Style

Ajeebi, Alhassan Mohammed, Shahad Ahmed Alquraishi, and Alfadhel Ismail Hamami. 2021. Effectiveness of gingival depigmentation: a review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 5 (5), 1238-1243. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1609253259



Chicago Style

Ajeebi, Alhassan Mohammed, Shahad Ahmed Alquraishi, and Alfadhel Ismail Hamami. "Effectiveness of gingival depigmentation: a review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 5 (2021), 1238-1243. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1609253259



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ajeebi, Alhassan Mohammed, Shahad Ahmed Alquraishi, and Alfadhel Ismail Hamami. "Effectiveness of gingival depigmentation: a review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 5.5 (2021), 1238-1243. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1609253259



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ajeebi, A. M., Alquraishi, . S. A. & Hamami, . A. I. (2021) Effectiveness of gingival depigmentation: a review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 5 (5), 1238-1243. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1609253259





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