International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries (IJMDC) is a peer-reviewed medical journal published for health care professionals.
The journal is accredited by the Ministry of Culture and Media, Saudi Arabia المملكة العربية السعودية - وزارة الثقافة والإعلام . The journal has an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) 1658-7820 registered via King Fahad National Library, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Our mission is to provide relevant, useful, and up-to-date medical information to help healthcare providers solve clinical problems and improve patient care. With contributions from physicians, dentists, medical students and researchers from around the world, IJMDC provides a platform for the recent developments across many medicine and dentistry specialties, particularly from the developing world.
Each issue contains original research, academic review articles, health outcomes articles, case reports and basic research to assist health care professionals in making decisions by including the latest techniques and treatment options for treating their patients.
More than 9 authors (students/interns) are not acceptable until there is a special justification. For the articles authored by students/interns, they must include their research supervisor or consultant as co-author (9 students + 1 Supervisor/Consultant/Prof). Please see our Guide for Authors for more details.
2025, Vol: 9, Issue: 4
IJMDC. Year: 2025, Volume: 9 Original Article- The prevalence and risk factors of computer vision syndrome among medical students in Taif University, Saudi Arabia
Talal Althomali, Ruba N. Altowairqi, Lamyaa M. Algethami, Aryam F. Alqthami, Khulud A. Alamri, Fatimah K. Alotaibi, Raneen S. Alqethami
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 803-808
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733255442
Original Article- Awareness of the effect of Toxoplasma gondii on pregnant women among Jeddah University female students in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Elyaas A. Mehdar, Hisham Rizk, Muyassar K. Tarabulsi, Amal N. Salah, Sara M. Meinah, Elham T. Abdulmohsen, Faisal F. Alsaati, Nouf K. Eldabai
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 809-818
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734787904
Original Article- Awareness and core knowledge assessment of transient ischemic attack among adults with hypertension
Khulud A. Alamri, Abdulmajeed M. Algethami, Shahad H. Alraddadi, Asrar M. Alrabie, Ruba M. Altowairqi, Shoug K. Althagafi, Raghad H. Alraddadi
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 819-827
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1736707830
Original Article- Public awareness of keratoconus and its association with eye rubbing behavior: a population-based study in Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Riyadh A. Jahlan, Abdulrahman A. Daghreeri, Abdulrahman A. Otaif, Abdulelah A. Otaif, Ehab F. Hakami, Ameer M. Mobarki, Hussam T. Hakami, Bander S. Rajab, Bandar F. Daghriri, Fawaz M. Hakami, Mohammed Q. Dibaji
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 828-836
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1737910935
Original Article- Patient activation and self-stigma among type-2 diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia
Ayat Elzayat, Fikrah Mohammed Emad Alshami, Zainab Attiyah Hussain Alnuwaiqi, Sara Mohammed Naser Shahwan, Sara Naseem Khan, Muna Mustafa Nuru, Khulud Idris Nur, Basma Emad, Angie M. Ameen, Enas Metwally
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 837-844
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1738732311
Original Article- Prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth among children aged 6 - 12 years old in AlSarar Rural Region, Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study
Mansour Shawqi Alali, Aqeel Almulaify, Sara Alshakhs, Zainab Alsheikh, Basima Alobaid, Muneera Al Shamrany
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 845-850
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1739122920
Original Article- Awareness of borderline personality disorder among adults in Taif, Saudi Arabia
Sami S. Alharthi, Rahaf A. Althobaiti, Hanan S. Altalhi, Alanoud M. Alfadheli, Sultan S. Alosaimi, Mesfer F. Aldwasri
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 851-857
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1739732242
Original Article- The prevalence of burnout syndrome among emergency medicine doctors in the Aseer region during the COVID-19 crisis
Hasan Musaad Ali Alzahrani, Reem Mishari Hasan Alshyarba, Faris Abdullah Alrefeidi
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 858-864
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1739909735
Original Article- Public awareness regarding developmental dysplasia of the hip, its risk factors, treatment, and complications in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Alaa Jameel Albarakati, Abdulaziz M. Alsokani, Ebrahem Rashed Alsohabi, Abdullah A. Alrashdi, Ali A. Alsayed, Ali Saleh Alqarni, Ibrahim Mohammed Almuashi
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 865-875
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1740516634
Original Article- Impact of acne on the quality of life among high school students in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Rana Ali Alqarni, Heba Yousef Al-ojail, Omar Abdulaziz Alsuwailem, Abdulelah Nabil Alkadi, Nasser Abdullah Almulhim, Ahmed Khalid Alnawah, Sharifah Khalid Almulhim, Marwa Salman Aldehailan, Hala Mohammed Alqahtani
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 876-884
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1740666547
Original Article- Knowledge assessment of disaster medicine preparedness among medical students in Saudi Arabia
Hassan Ali Jaafari, Zenat Ahmad Khired, Naif Ali Gharwi, Almuhannad Ghaleb Alnami, Manar Sadig Hakami, Taif Khalid Hakami, Akram Khalid Moafa, Amal Ali Jaafari
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 885-890
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1740685985
Original Article- The prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and its risk factors among medical and non-medical students at Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University: a comparative cross-sectional study
Rana Almuqati, Deena Almaghrebi, Ghadeer Bu Saeed, Omnia Almomen, Adel Zeidan, Raed Alsulaiman
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 891-896
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1740828499
Original Article- Knowledge, practice, and attitude towards first aid management among kindergarten teachers in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.
Leen Al-rajhi, Dana Alsagheir, Nada Alsaif, Sahar Alhakami, Waad Alhawti, Lubna Al-ansary
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 897-904
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741006926
Original Article- Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of telemedicine among the general population in the Al-Qunfudhah governate, Saudi Arabia
Medhat Taha, Sara S. Alzhrani, Laila O. Alnashri, Nourah I. Alzubaidi, Amirah S. Alzubaidi, Abdulrahim A. Alzaylaee, Raghad F. Bahakeem, Hanan A. Elgendy, Danah M. Alruwaili
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 905-913
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741243542
Original Article- Association between demographic features and quality of life complaints among postmenopausal women in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia
Rehab Alsaleh, Farah Alzahrani, Reema Alshaya, Lujain Alharbi, Alyaa Zaila
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 914-922
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741616698
Original Article- Prevalence of urinary tract infections among females in Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
Alshuaibi Muaath, Alenezi Kholood, Alenezi Reem
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 923-928
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1742819875
Original Article- Depression among medical and non-medical undergraduate students: A cross-sectional study
Abdullah Nasser Alqifari
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 929-935
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1742847522
Original Article- Prevalence and major causes of female infertility in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: a retrospective analytical study
Nisreen Mansour Omar, Judy Saleh Abbas, Sabah Akram Mandely, Rahaf Osama Malaka, Aisha Yousef Bafuleh, Ahlam Attaullah Mohammad, Jana Saleh Abbas, Joud Hesham Badokhon, Mohammad Othman
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 936-942
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1742946446
Original Article- The effect of climate change on mental health and physical activity in Al-Baha City during winter
Jehad Helal Alqurashi, Nawal Mustafa Osman, Reem Mesra Alghamdi, Mohammed Mousa Alzahrani, Sadeem Ali Alamri, Sarah Safar Alzahrani, Futun Attiah Alshanini, Fahad Saleh Alzahrani, Ali Yahya Alzahrani
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 943-953
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1743424020
Review Article- Types and incidence of cracks in posterior teeth: an updated review
Sumayyah Hasilalahmar, Haifa Fahad Almutairi
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 954-958
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734544923
Review Article- The association between bipolar disorder and inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review
Mohammed Ahmed Al-anzi, Khadijah Yahya Alahmre, Khudhayr Nasser Albarragi, Razan Faiez Hejazi, Rayyanah Ayed Alanazi, Farah Ali Obaid Yahya, Luran Ahmed Alluqmani, Hetoon Soleman Alotayk, Hind Ghali Fahad Alanazi, Muneerah Zayed Alzayed
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 959-965
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734644834
Review Article- Interventions to improve adherence to removable orthodontic appliances retainers among adolescents
Adel Almubadel, Abdulmajeed Jamal Alanazi, Faisal Fahad Idrees, Hani Suliman Alanazi, Badr Mohammed Saeedi, Elham Hassan Alqasim
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 966-973
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1738827477
Review Article- Diagnostic accuracy of Non ST elevation myocardial infarction in the emergency department using cardiac troponin level
Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Abdullah Saleh Basfar, Raghad Adnan Alghazzawi, Ohoud Abdullah Almutairi, Rawan Hamdi Bedaiwi, Seba Khaled Almotlaq, Abdulmalik Mohammed Almeshawah
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 974-979
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1739340072
Review Article- Risk factors, incidence, and treatment options for post-LASIK regression: a systematic review
Abdulrahman M. Alamri, Muzun Aedh Asiri, Nawal Mohammed Asiri, Manar Ali Alqahtani, Atheel Ali Alshehri, Rahaf Abdulaziz Alamri, Majd Abdullah Sultan, Rawan Abdulmohsen Alqarni, Salwa Abdullah Bin Qaed, Raghad Abdulaziz Alamri, Ayman Abdullah Alshehri
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 980-985
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741197050
Review Article- Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in emergency department patients with acute respiratory distress
Rawan Shaya Almohammed, Abdullah Mohammed Basnawi, Ali Marai Alyami, Abdulaziz Khalid Alanazi, Hassan Abdulhamed Albagshi, nawaf Faisal Alhazmi, Abrar Awadh Alzahrani, Abdulrahman Waleed Alquwaynim, Lojain Khalid Burejailah
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 986-993
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741559228
Review Article- Emerging and re-emerging viral infections: a review of epidemiological trends, diagnostics, therapeutics, and public health interventions
Thamir Saad Alsaeed
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 994-1002
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1741735012
Review Article- Complications of intramedullary nailing in femoral shaft fractures: a review
Ahmed Hussain Asiree, Mohamed Maher Fouad Mohamed, Abdulelah Alhumaidi B. Alotaibi, Ahmed Abdullah Alshuahyeb, Saleh Khalaf Almaymoni, Amar Abdullah Ah Al Qahtani
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 1003-1008
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1742584287
Case Report- A case report and literature review of Lhermitte Duclos disease (dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma)
Ebtehal Saad Althagafi, Hussain Anwar Alkatheri, Rahaf Saeed Alalloush, Mazen Saad Althagafi, Seif Nimer Albustanji
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 1009-1013
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1739474278
Case Report- Is surgery superfluous for spinal cord tuberculoma? Case report and literature review
Riadh Mohamed Rebai, Bashayer Nawar Algethami, Muhammed Tahir Bakhsh
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 1014-1018
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1739896512
Case Report- Extensive stenting is short lived: a case of recurrent ischemic heart disease post coronary intervention in a patient with multi-vessel coronary artery disease
Sadeem Aleid, Taif Saleh Almutairi, Yara Mansour Alassaf, Ihab Suliman
IJMDC. 2025; 9(4): 1019-1023
» Abstract » PDF» doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1743253888