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2026, Vol: 10, Issue: 6
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Review Article
Online Published: 25 Apr 2026
 


Robotic-assisted surgery in urologic oncology: a narrative review of outcomes, advantages, and challenges

Muhannad A. Aljutayli, Abdullatif K. Almaghlouth, Saleh A. Altassan, Saeed M. Al Ruwaybi, Fahad M. Alharbi, Abdullh A. Alsadoon, Abdulaziz A. Alhumam, Saif F. Alharbi, Suliman S. Al Sowaigh, Yasser A. Alhabib, Abdulrahman H. Alrammah.


Abstract
Robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery has transformed urologic surgery. The da Vinci and ZEUS systems have evolved, contributing to improved outcomes and shorter learning curves. However, long-term outcomes and their economic impact remain insufficiently characterized. This review evaluated long-term functional outcomes of robot-assisted urologic surgery and assessed its clinical and economic implications to guide future practice and policy. This review was conducted based on PubMed searching for studies published between 2014 and 2025. The studies included English-language articles on robot-assisted urologic surgeries reporting clinical and perioperative outcomes, including original research, systematic reviews, or high-quality narrative reviews. Primary outcomes included operative time, blood loss, complications, and urological results; secondary outcomes included functional recovery, quality of life, learning curve, and cost-effectiveness. Robotic assisted urologic surgeries were associated with significantly reduced estimated blood loss (an average reduction of 200-500 ml), shorter hospital stays (by 1-2 days on average), and lower, though non-significant, postoperative complication rates. Functional outcomes such as continence and sexual function improved following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, with an earlier return to baseline function. Evidence regarding long-term oncological outcomes and cost-effectiveness varies, with limited high-quality data and inconsistent reporting across studies. Robot-assisted surgery offers clear perioperative and early functional benefits. The adoption of this technology might enhance patient recovery and surgical precision; however, high costs and uncertain long-term outcomes remain concerns. Future research should prioritize large-scale, long-term comparative studies to evaluate oncological durability, patient-reported outcomes, and economic viability.

Key words: Cost-effectiveness, functional recovery, minimally invasive surgery, robotic-assisted surgery, surgical innovation, urologic oncology


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Aljutayli MA, Almaghlouth AK, Altassan SA, Ruwaybi SMA, Alharbi FM, Alsadoon AA, Alhumam AA, Alharbi SF, Sowaigh SSA, Alhabib YA, Alrammah AH. Robotic-assisted surgery in urologic oncology: a narrative review of outcomes, advantages, and challenges. IJMDC. 2026; 10(5): 1419-1427. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770506149

Web Style

Aljutayli MA, Almaghlouth AK, Altassan SA, Ruwaybi SMA, Alharbi FM, Alsadoon AA, Alhumam AA, Alharbi SF, Sowaigh SSA, Alhabib YA, Alrammah AH. Robotic-assisted surgery in urologic oncology: a narrative review of outcomes, advantages, and challenges. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=309706 [Access: May 07, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770506149

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Aljutayli MA, Almaghlouth AK, Altassan SA, Ruwaybi SMA, Alharbi FM, Alsadoon AA, Alhumam AA, Alharbi SF, Sowaigh SSA, Alhabib YA, Alrammah AH. Robotic-assisted surgery in urologic oncology: a narrative review of outcomes, advantages, and challenges. IJMDC. 2026; 10(5): 1419-1427. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770506149


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Aljutayli MA, Almaghlouth AK, Altassan SA, Ruwaybi SMA, Alharbi FM, Alsadoon AA, Alhumam AA, Alharbi SF, Sowaigh SSA, Alhabib YA, Alrammah AH. Robotic-assisted surgery in urologic oncology: a narrative review of outcomes, advantages, and challenges. IJMDC. (2026), [cited May 07, 2026]; 10(5): 1419-1427. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770506149


Harvard Style

Aljutayli, M. A., Almaghlouth, . A. K., Altassan, . S. A., Ruwaybi, . S. M. A., Alharbi, . F. M., Alsadoon, . A. A., Alhumam, . A. A., Alharbi, . S. F., Sowaigh, . S. S. A., Alhabib, . Y. A. & Alrammah, . A. H. (2026) Robotic-assisted surgery in urologic oncology: a narrative review of outcomes, advantages, and challenges. IJMDC, 10 (5), 1419-1427. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770506149


Turabian Style

Aljutayli, Muhannad A., Abdullatif K. Almaghlouth, Saleh A. Altassan, Saeed M. Al Ruwaybi, Fahad M. Alharbi, Abdullh A. Alsadoon, Abdulaziz A. Alhumam, Saif F. Alharbi, Suliman S. Al Sowaigh, Yasser A. Alhabib, and Abdulrahman H. Alrammah. 2026. Robotic-assisted surgery in urologic oncology: a narrative review of outcomes, advantages, and challenges. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (5), 1419-1427. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770506149


Chicago Style

Aljutayli, Muhannad A., Abdullatif K. Almaghlouth, Saleh A. Altassan, Saeed M. Al Ruwaybi, Fahad M. Alharbi, Abdullh A. Alsadoon, Abdulaziz A. Alhumam, Saif F. Alharbi, Suliman S. Al Sowaigh, Yasser A. Alhabib, and Abdulrahman H. Alrammah. "Robotic-assisted surgery in urologic oncology: a narrative review of outcomes, advantages, and challenges." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10 (2026), 1419-1427. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770506149


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Aljutayli, Muhannad A., Abdullatif K. Almaghlouth, Saleh A. Altassan, Saeed M. Al Ruwaybi, Fahad M. Alharbi, Abdullh A. Alsadoon, Abdulaziz A. Alhumam, Saif F. Alharbi, Suliman S. Al Sowaigh, Yasser A. Alhabib, and Abdulrahman H. Alrammah. "Robotic-assisted surgery in urologic oncology: a narrative review of outcomes, advantages, and challenges." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10.5 (2026), 1419-1427. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770506149


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Aljutayli, M. A., Almaghlouth, . A. K., Altassan, . S. A., Ruwaybi, . S. M. A., Alharbi, . F. M., Alsadoon, . A. A., Alhumam, . A. A., Alharbi, . S. F., Sowaigh, . S. S. A., Alhabib, . Y. A. & Alrammah, . A. H. (2026) Robotic-assisted surgery in urologic oncology: a narrative review of outcomes, advantages, and challenges. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (5), 1419-1427. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1770506149




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