E-ISSN 1658-7820
 

Original Research 


Point of care dipstick assessment of ascitic fluid: comparison with serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in differentiation of ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate

Lawson Ekpe, Victor Ekpe, Eyam Eyam, Ekanem Ekanem.


Abstract
Background: Excessive ascitic fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity is seen as a clinical problem in all parts of the world by many doctors. This study attempts to differentiate exudate and transudate ascitic fluid by use of point of care dipstick.
Methodology: A total of 67 patients with ascites were recruited from Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, for this study. Using serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) as standard way of classifying ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate by using the assessment of dipstick protein. SAAG was calculated based on albumin values of venous blood and ascitic fluid. SAAG less than 11 g/l represented exudate while SAAG greater than 11 g/l represented transudate. Values obtained were classified as high protein dipstick and low protein dipstick.
Results: The age range was 18–65 years with mean age of 47.11 ± 11.21 for both genders. Mean body mass index was 24.19 ± 2.9. A total of 41 (61.2%) had high ascitic fluid protein based on dipstick (500 mg/dl), while 26 had low ascitic fluid protein (30 mg/dl). SAAG was the standard used to differentiate exudates from transudate. In comparing dipstick protein (high or low) to correlate with low SAAG (exudates) and high SAAG (transudate) yielded a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of 63.4%, 42.3%, 63.4%, 42.3%, and 70.3%, respectively.
Conclusion: SAAG is a better indicator of classifying ascitic fluid into exudate or transudate than urine dipstick.

Key words: Dipstick, point of care, ascites, exudate, transudate, serum ascites albumin gradient.


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Lawson Ekpe
Articles by Victor Ekpe
Articles by Eyam Eyam
Articles by Ekanem Ekanem
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Lawson Ekpe, Victor Ekpe, Eyam Eyam, Ekanem Ekanem. Point of care dipstick assessment of ascitic fluid: comparison with serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in differentiation of ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate. IJMDC. 2018; 2(May 2018): 55-58. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1521144795


Web Style

Lawson Ekpe, Victor Ekpe, Eyam Eyam, Ekanem Ekanem. Point of care dipstick assessment of ascitic fluid: comparison with serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in differentiation of ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=293895 [Access: March 26, 2024]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1521144795


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Lawson Ekpe, Victor Ekpe, Eyam Eyam, Ekanem Ekanem. Point of care dipstick assessment of ascitic fluid: comparison with serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in differentiation of ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate. IJMDC. 2018; 2(May 2018): 55-58. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1521144795



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Lawson Ekpe, Victor Ekpe, Eyam Eyam, Ekanem Ekanem. Point of care dipstick assessment of ascitic fluid: comparison with serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in differentiation of ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate. IJMDC. (2018), [cited March 26, 2024]; 2(May 2018): 55-58. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1521144795



Harvard Style

Lawson Ekpe, Victor Ekpe, Eyam Eyam, Ekanem Ekanem (2018) Point of care dipstick assessment of ascitic fluid: comparison with serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in differentiation of ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate. IJMDC, 2 (May 2018), 55-58. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1521144795



Turabian Style

Lawson Ekpe, Victor Ekpe, Eyam Eyam, Ekanem Ekanem. 2018. Point of care dipstick assessment of ascitic fluid: comparison with serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in differentiation of ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 2 (May 2018), 55-58. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1521144795



Chicago Style

Lawson Ekpe, Victor Ekpe, Eyam Eyam, Ekanem Ekanem. "Point of care dipstick assessment of ascitic fluid: comparison with serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in differentiation of ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 2 (2018), 55-58. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1521144795



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Lawson Ekpe, Victor Ekpe, Eyam Eyam, Ekanem Ekanem. "Point of care dipstick assessment of ascitic fluid: comparison with serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in differentiation of ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 2.May 2018 (2018), 55-58. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1521144795



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Lawson Ekpe, Victor Ekpe, Eyam Eyam, Ekanem Ekanem (2018) Point of care dipstick assessment of ascitic fluid: comparison with serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in differentiation of ascitic fluid into exudate and transudate. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 2 (May 2018), 55-58. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1521144795





Most Viewed Articles
Most Accessed Articles

  • Marginal adaptation of fixed prosthodontics
    Shahad Mohammed Halawani, Sahar Amer Al-Harbi
    IJMDC. 2017; 1(2): 78-84
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.1.2.7

  • Parasites in central nervous system
    Amal Ahmed Mohamed, Asmaa Mohamed Mansour
    IJMDC. 2017; 1(2): 72-77
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.1.2.6

  • Non-diabetic retinopathy: a case report
    Hassan F. Alkwikbi, Nabil Mamon Abdelfattah, Haithem Mamon Abdelfattah
    IJMDC. 2017; 1(1): 33-37
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.1.1.6

  • Vitamin D deficiency among high school female students in Riyadh
    Sahar Mohsen Aldhafeeri, Fatemah Ibraheem Alrawaji, Abrar Mubarak Algharbi, Alanoud Abdullah Alhessan, Ayat Sami Qabaja, Ghaleah Abdulaziz Alnassar, Ghaliah Ofayn Alsulami, Mashael Belal Alrubaian, Norah Abdulaziz Alhatim, Salehah Salih Alotaibi, Zahra Ali Alkhamees
    IJMDC. 2017; 1(1): 18-23
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.1.1.4

  • Prognosis of chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) after multiple events of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
    Baraa Faiez Rajab, Anwar Essa Alamrim, Ali Essa Alamri
    IJMDC. 2019; 3(5): 474-479
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546551993

  • Most Downloaded
    Top Downloaded Articles

  • Anti-IL-17 markedly inhibited the in vitro granuloma induced by Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen.
    Asmaa Ezz, Irene S. Gmail, Fatma Elzahraa H. Salem, Rabab Salama, Soad Nady
    IJMDC. 2018; 2(January 2018): 38-46
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.2.1.7

  • Vitamin D deficiency among high school female students in Riyadh
    Sahar Mohsen Aldhafeeri, Fatemah Ibraheem Alrawaji, Abrar Mubarak Algharbi, Alanoud Abdullah Alhessan, Ayat Sami Qabaja, Ghaleah Abdulaziz Alnassar, Ghaliah Ofayn Alsulami, Mashael Belal Alrubaian, Norah Abdulaziz Alhatim, Salehah Salih Alotaibi, Zahra Ali Alkhamees
    IJMDC. 2017; 1(1): 18-23
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.1.1.4

  • Antibiotic Resistance Crisis
    Nuha Saad Mobarki, Buthaina Abdullah Almerabi, Ahmad Hattan Hattan
    IJMDC. 2019; 3(6): 561-564
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699

  • The knowledge of mothers about children malnutrition and associated factors
    Anas Abdulrahman Aljohani, Mujahid Abdulrahman Aljohani
    IJMDC. 2020; 4(1): 7-11
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1541620358

  • Knowledge and attitude of caregivers of cerebral palsy children in Riyadh city
    Abdulaziz Alruwaished, Baleegh Ali, Lubna Abdullah Alhowaimil , Abaraa adullah Alhowaimil, Najd Abdullah Alhowaimil, Aminah Alessa
    IJMDC. 2020; 4(1): 12-17
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1547833051

  • Most Cited Articles
    Most Cited Articles

  • Antibiotic Resistance Crisis
    Nuha Saad Mobarki, Buthaina Abdullah Almerabi, Ahmad Hattan Hattan
    IJMDC. 2019; 3(6): 561-564
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1549060699
    Cited : 34 times [Click to see citing articles]

  • Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among diabetes mellitus patients in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia
    AMohammed Elamin Mukrim, Nujud Muteb D. Alshammari, Wurud Muteb D. Alshammari, Maali Subhi T. Alshammari, Yousef Nasif R. Alshammari, Abdulaziz Sael M. Alshammari, Maisa Hamad F. Alanazi, Abdulelah Abdulrhman F. Alzammam, Muharib Mana M. Alshammari, Slwa Khaled Abu Asyah, Aseel Jamal Alzuhayri, Mushref Saeid Alshammari
    IJMDC. 2019; 3(3): 229-233
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1542576396
    Cited : 8 times [Click to see citing articles]

  • Knowledge, attitude, and practice of breast self-examination toward breast cancer among female students at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
    Abdullah Nasser Alomair, Dania Ghazi Felemban, Mohannad Sami Felemban, Jameel Abdullah Awadain, Ammar Saud Altowairqi, Nawaf Fawzan Alfawzan, Fatimah Mohammed Almazayen, Abdulrahman Jalwi Korkoman, Nawaf Saad Alrusayyis
    IJMDC. 2020; 4(2): 429-434
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576668182
    Cited : 8 times [Click to see citing articles]

  • Population awareness about rheumatoid arthritis in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia
    Ahmad Ali Hazzazi, Mohssen Hassen Ageeli, Ahmed Ali Muyidi, Abdulaziz Mohammad Abulgasim, Abdullah Ahmad Yateemi, Nabil Alhakami
    IJMDC. 2020; 4(3): 668-675
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1576010943
    Cited : 4 times [Click to see citing articles]

  • Prevalence and factors associated with depression among health care workers in National Guard Hospital in Riyadh, KSA
    Noor Mohammad AlFahhad
    IJMDC. 2018; 2(September 2018): 92-96
    » Abstract » doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1526306040
    Cited : 4 times [Click to see citing articles]